1. Academic Paper Writing 12/12/17
Linking Phrases
Academic Paper Writing
12/12/17

2. Schedule
1) Creating Flow in a Document 2) Examples of Linking Words 3) Appropriate Usage of Linking Words 4) Common Mistakes

3. Examples of Linking Words: Sequencing Ideas
Firstly, secondly
Finally
First of all
Next
Lastly

4. Examples of Linking Words: Expressing Contrasts
But
However
Nevertheless
Yet
On the other hand

5. Examples of Linking Words: Stating Results
Thus
As a result So
Consequently

6. Examples of Linking Words: Providing Reasons
In order to
So as not to
So that
Because

7. Examples of Linking Words: Giving Examples
for example
for instance

8. Examples of Linking Words: Expressing Conditionsif
unless
when
whether
otherwise

9. Examples of Linking Words: Adding Further Support
besides
also
furthermore
moreover
in addition

10. Examples of Linking Words: Expressing Similarities
Likewise
Similarly
In the same way

11. Examples of Linking Words: Concluding Statements
In summary
To sum up
To conclude
In conclusion

12. Appropriate Usage of Linking Words
Many of the Words have specific meanings!
They are not interchangeable
Besides vs. Also
Specific Rules
Connect ideas between a sentence or two
Followed by a sentence or a phrase

13. Linking One or Two Sentences
X Although it was initially criticised as a passing management fad (Veloutsou et al., 2002). Relationship marketing has arguably stood the test of time. (2 separate ides in same sentence or however)
✓ Although, as Veloutsou et al (2002) note, relationship marketing was initially criticised as a passing management fad, it has arguably stood the test of time.
✓ Relationship management was initially criticised as a passing management fad (Veloutsou et al., 2002). However, it has arguably stood the test of time.

14. Follow With a Sentence or Phrase
✓ Although, as Veloutsou et al (2002) note, relationship marketing was initially criticised as a passing management fad, it has clearly stood the test of time.
X Despite it was initially criticised as a passing management fad (Veloutsou et al., 2002), relationship marketing has arguably stood the test of time. (Follow with dependent clause or phrase)
✓ Despite being criticised as a passing management fad (Veloutsou et al., 2002), relationship marketing has arguably stood the test of time.
✓ Despite initial criticisms from sceptics that relationship marketing was, as Veloutsou et al., 2002a suggests, a “passing management fad”, it has arguably stood the test of time.

15. Common Mistakes Because versus Because of
The tennis match was canceled because of the game.
I ate an apple because I was hungry.
Noun vs. subject and verb
Can not always use commas to separate the linking words
I ate dinner with a friend yesterday, however, I really enjoy eating with my family instead.
WRONG
I ate dinner with a friend yesterday; however, I really enjoy eating with my family instead.
I ate dinner with a friend yesterday. However, I really enjoy eating with my family instead.