1. Criticism & Reformulation The Second New Deal Section 2 Ms. Garratt

2. Works Progress Admin.
Bldg projects included construction of hospitals, schools, airports, etc
Employed teachers, artists, actors
Painters designed murals
San Antonio beautification project stimulated the economy
Provided jobs to 8million in 5 years

3. Social Security Act
In 1935 the gov accepted direct responsibility for meeting the needs of its citizens
Pension plan for elderly orphans
Survivor benefits
Benefits for those injured on the job
Monthly payments ranged from $12-85
Millions, however, did not qualify particularly minority groups

4. Signing the Social Security Act

6. National Labor Relations Board
Aka the Wagner Act
Established after Supreme Ct ruled that the NIRA was unconstitutional
Workers lost the right to unionize and bargain collectively
The Wagner Act restored those workers’ rights
Unions increased during the ’30s

7. Soil Conservation Act 1936 Supreme Court also struck down the AAA
So FDR proposed the Soil Conservation Act
Under this law the subsidy paid to farmers not to plant crops would come from the Treasury not from a processing tax

8. Rural Electrification Act 1935
Lent money to farmers who organized to build power plants.
Utility companies had refused to extend service to rural areas because it wasn’t cost-effective
Before the REA fewer than 1 in 10 had electricity – by % had electricity

10. Public Utility Holding Company Act
Reduced holding company control of utility companies
Helped eliminate corruption and inefficiency
Reduced consumer costs
Enraged business owners who felt gov had too much control over business

11. Revenue Act of 1935
FDR proposed raising taxes on wealthy corporations and individuals
Angered business leaders but convinced millions of Americans that FDR was on their side.

12. Protests of Tenant Farmers
Tenant farmers were negatively impacted by the AAA
Landowners didn’t share the gov subsidy so tenant farmers lost their jobs & became homeless
Tenant farmers formed the interracial Southern Tenants Farmers Union (STFU)
Met with strong opposition due to interracial component

13. Southern Tenants Farmers Union
They were unfairly hit hard by AAA
Subsidies given to landowners were not shared with them
They were usually kicked off land as part of the policy to reduce agric output
Promoted nonviolence and was racially integrated group which generated opposition
Harrassed by law enforcement & landowners
Only rec’d verbal support from FDR

14. J.R. Butler, Pres of STFU

15. Members of STFU

16. Criticism Critics included liberals and conservatives
Liberals didn’t think the two New Deals when far enough.
Conservatives felt gov assumed too much power regulating business – feared that gov was becoming socialist

17. Frances Townsend
Wanted gov to give each person over 60 $200 a month on condition they spend it all in 30 days.
This would aid the elderly and stimulate the economy with its trickle-down-effect.
Would stimulate demand for goods which would decrease unemployment
Had 5 million supporters
His plan was defeated in Congress in 1935

18. Dr. Frances E. Townsend

19. Charles Coughlin
Demogogue who gained power by appealing to people’s prejudices & fears
Wanted nationalization of banks to be run like postal service
Called FDR “liar” and “great betrayer” because FDR did not agree with him
Had weekly radio show w/ 30 m listeners
Was anti-semitic and blamed Jews for the Depression
In 1942 Church pulled the plug on his show

20. Father Charles Coughlin

21. Huey Long
Won immediate popularity when as Louisiana governor he raised taxes to fund schools, hospitals for the poor & build roads & bridges in impoverished areas
As US senator he abolished LA local gov and ran it from DC, putting himself in control
Launched Share Our Wealth campaign which would confiscate all income over $5m and redistribute it so that every family had $5,000 a year

22. Huey Long – Share the Wealth

23. Attack from Conservatives

24. Support

26. 1936 Reelection Reelection was geared toward middle & lower classes
His opponent, Alfred Landon, supported New Deal legis but said he would run it more efficiently
FDR won by a landslide with 60% of all voters.
Seen as mandate for his New Deal programs

27. Court-packing Bill 1937
The Supreme Court had declared some New Deal programs unconstitutional
In order to have a more sympathetic Sup Ct FDR proposed a bill to add 6 more judges to the Court.
Stated he was just trying to ease the Court’s workload.
This bill provoked a lot of criticism from both parties & was seen as an attempt to interfere with the judicial process & the separation of powers.

28. Fair Labor Standards Act 1938
By FDR’s political momentum was slowing down
However, this act regulated wages & working hours
FDR also had to focus more time on events in Europe

29. The end section 2