1. Creating Systems of Student Support
My background - Student of Student Support Services
SAP/HPS
- Work to Unify systems of support for all students
- 1st time presenting this
Lots of stuff, hard to get arms around it
- Purpose - Not to tell you what to do, but rather….how to think
about the provision of Student Support
Change the “system”
Governance (policies/procedures) + Philosophy
Priority
Overview of handout:

2. Presentation Goals
Promote the development of a “system” of student support.
Introduce the “Summit Initiative” including available resources.
Elements of a proposed model at district & building level.
Raise the level of importance ascribed to this function (not promoting that Schools provide Social Services, but believe we are in the best position to coordinate, identify needs)
A basic premise of the Summit Initiative is that addressing barriers to learning is an important function of schools.
The Summit Initiative may not be the only comprehensive model but it’s the only one with detailed implementation resources

3. Presentation Outline Current Status of Student Support efforts
Overview of Mechanisms/Formats
Forces at work
Fragmentation & Marginalization
A New Conceptual Framework (Summit Initiative)
Interconnected Systems
The “Three Component” Model
The “Enabling Component”
District & Building Planning Models
Resources

4. Overview of Student Support Delivery Mechanisms/Formats
School Financed Student Support Services
Classroom-Based Curriculum and Special “Pull-Out” Interventions
School District Specialized Units
Formal Connections with Community Services
Comprehensive, Multifaceted, and Integrated Approaches
SSW’s, Psych’s, Guidance, Nursing, etc.
Special Ed., Reading (Title I), also Mi Health Curriculum, (other “in-class” programs)
Special programs with single focus, eg. Substance abuse/drug free school programs, special health clinics, pregnancy prevention, etc..
Public or private agency personnel in schools or special programs involving outside personnel.
A few schools, involve systems of coordination/ oversight, ex. = “communities in schools” concept.

5. Forces At Work...
Students presenting diverse needs requiring variety of resources.
Schools charged with producing a wide range of products.
Society demanding higher student achievement than ever before.
(Natriello, et.al., 1990)

6. Forces At Work (cont.)... Implement NCLB Implement IDEA
Economy/Funding Issues
Have any of you been busy with these things?
A number of things that takes our eye off the ball:
NCLB/Education Yes
- Group Focus V. Individual Focus
IDEA
Forms & Procedures
Discipline Issues
Due Process Problems
- Max. Potential
Economy/Funding
Program reductions (political issues)
Hope w/NCLB/IDEA

7. Fragmented Student Support?
Psychological
Services
Special
Clinics
HIV/AIDS
Prevention
Boys & Girls
Club
Special Education
Health
Services
After-School
Programs
Nursing
Services
Health Education
Violence & Crime Prevention
Pupil Services
Nutrition
Education
Juvenile Court
Services
School
School Lunch
Program
Community-Based Programs
One of my biggest frustrations as a Director of Student Services
- missed opportunities for collaboration/funding
Guidance
Programs
Mental Health
Services
Drug
Prevention
Social
Services
Discipline
Procedures
Subs. Abuse
Assessment
Family
Counseling
Pregnancy
Prevention
Protective
Services
IDEA
Discipline Rules

8. Bigger Problem: Marginalization
School District Organization & Operation
School Improvement Planning (groups)
Implementation of Special Education
District level agenda vs building needs
Basically…..conflicting agendas
Need - unity of purpose

9. Systems for Positive Development Systems of Early Intervention
Summit Initiative: Interconnected Systems
School Resources
Enrichment & recreation
Health Education
Drug & alcohol education
Transition support
Conflict resolution programs
Positive Behavior Support
Pregnancy prevention
Violence prevention
Dropout prevention
Classroom accommodations
Student Support Groups
Special Education
Remedial programs
Counseling Services
Violence Risk Assessment
Community Resources
Youth development programs
Public health & safety programs
Immunizations
Recreation & enrichment
Child abuse education
Early id. of health problems
Shelter, food, clothing
Job programs
Foster placement
Various counseling services
Parenting classes/programs
Crisis Intervention
Probation/incarceration
Subsidies/SSI
Hospitalization
Systems for Positive Development
&
Systems of Prevention
Systems of Early Intervention
Basic Premise/Conceptual View
Low Needs/High Needs Continuum
Minimum Barriers/Significant Barriers
MDE/PBS Project - 3 tiered approach concept
Systems of Care

10. Three-Component Model for Reform and Restructuring
Instructional Component
(facilitate learning)
What’s Missing?
Student
School
Family
Community
Management
Component
(governance/resources)

11. Three-Component Model for Reform and Restructuring
Instructional Component
(facilitate learning)
Enabling Component
Student
School
Family
Community
“A comprehensive, multifaceted
approach for addressing
barriers to learning”
- to address barriers to learning
- enable individual students to learn
Management
Component
(governance/resources)

12. “A comprehensive, multifaceted approach for addressing
An Enabling Component - The Concept
Range of Learners
Instructional
Component
Classroom Teaching +
Enrichment
Activity
Ready & able
to learn
No Barriers
Desired
Outcome
Lacking prerequisites,
minor vulnerabilities.
Dif. learning styles
Enabling
Component
“A comprehensive, multifaceted
approach for addressing
barriers to learning”
Avoidant, very deficient
capabilities, disability,
complex family needs

13. The Enabling Component - Activity Clusters
Classroom-
focused
enabling
Crisis/
emergency
assistance &
prevention
Student &
family
assistance
Infrastructure
-leadership
-resource coord.
-policy/procedure
Community
outreach/
volunteers
Challenge - integrate w/SIP process
In other words…..Inform the SIP process
Transition
support
Home
involvement
in schooling

14. Programmatic activity to enhance classroom-based efforts to enable learning through such activities as…
Classroom-
focused
enabling
1. Increasing Teachers’ effectiveness in accommodating
wider range of individual differences.
Determine individual student needs.
Provide temporary out-of-class assistance to students.
Identify needed resources to address student needs.
Develop capabilities of para-educators, volunteers, etc..

15. Support for Transitions
Programmatic activity designed to reduce the difficulties students experience from major life transitions. Some examples include….
Support for Transitions
1. New student arrival/enrollment.
Articulation strategies to support grade level transitions
or special education placement transitions.
Before and after school activities.
School to summer vacation activities.
Elementary to middle school orientation activities.

16. A range of programs are included here. They include activities to….
Home Involvement
in Schooling
A range of programs are included here. They include activities to….
Address the learning and support needs of adults in the home.
Help families learn how to support students with school work.
Improve communication and connections between home and
school/teachers
Elicit partnerships from those at home to meet school and
community needs.

17. Crisis Assistance and Prevention
Schools must have the capacity to
Respond to, minimize the impact of,
And prevent crises. This requires systematic programs for….
Emergency response at a school or school/community.
Minimize risk factors to prevent crises related to violence,
suicide, and child abuse.
Key Mechanism: The development of a crisis response team.

18. Student and Family Assistance
This area encompasses most of the services available from the community that are the focus of the integrated service model. In other words, resources from outside the school.

19. Community Outreach & Volunteers
The focus of this area is on making the effort to reach out. The who, how, when. For schools to be integral community partners, steps must be taken to create and maintain collaborative connections. One major facet of this activity area is the establishment of programs designed to recruit, train, and maintain volunteers to assist students.

20. Building Infrastructure Models
Example #1
Principal
School Improvement Team
Student Assistance Team
Resource Coordinating Team

21. Building Infrastructure Models
Example #2
Principal
School Improvement Team
Resource Coordinating Team
Student Assistance Team

22. District Infrastructure Model
Board of Education/
Superintendent
Board Committee
Structure
Finance/
Personnel
Instruction/
Curriculum
Student
Support
District
Administration
Finance & Personnel
Teaching & Learning
Pupil
Services
District
Councils/Committees
School
Improvement
Student Support Council
Instructional Council

23. Resource Aids: Summit Initiative
Examples of Policy Statements
Phasing in the Enabling Component
Expanding Standards and Accountability
Job Descriptions for Student Support Leadership
Reframing the Roles and Functions of Student Support Staff
Establishing a Resource-Oriented Team at a School Site
Weaving School & Community Resources
Rethinking a School Board’s Committee Structure
Levels of Competence and Professional Development
Center Concept Paper: Appendix B - Research Base

24. References
Natriello, McDill, & Pallas, Schooling Disadvantaged Children: Racing Against Catastrophe, Teachers College Press, Columbia University, New York, NY, 1990.
H.S. Adelman & L. Taylor, On Understanding Intervention in Psychology and Education, Westport, Ct.: Praeger.
Center for Mental Health in Schools, School Mental Health Project, Dept. of Psychology, UCLA, LosAngeles, Ca,
Website:

25. This
Button

26. “Typical” Classroom
Low
Success
In School
High

27. Current Approach
Title I
ESL
Special Education
Volunteer

28. Student Support Approach
“Unique Needs Focus”
Behavior
Support
Reading
Instruction #2
Reading
Instruction #1
Family/Agency
Referrals

29. Evolution of Student Support
Model
Label - Place
Problem Solving
Systemic
Characteristics
- pull-out model
- eligibility
- reactive
- medical model
- legalistic/funding
- focus on “needs”
- collaborative
- cross-categorical
- rational
- proactive
- range of interventions
- inclusive
- admin. integrated
- non-categorical
- planning intensive