1. 7.2 Cell (Organelles) Functions

2. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Cell Membrane
Plant & Animal
Is selectively
permeable: allows specific molecules to pass in and out.
Allows diffusion and osmosis to occur

3. Function and Transport System
Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and Transport System
Cytoskeleton
(Long protein strands)
Plant & Animal
Helps form the frame work of the cell
Like the skeleton forms the frame work of your body
3 Types:
Microtubules – give the cell its shape
Intermediate filaments – give the cell its strength
Microfilaments – enables cells to move and divide

4. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Cytoplasm Plant & Animal
Function and
Transport System
Cytoplasm
Plant & Animal
Clear jelly like fluid between cell parts
Jelly donut
Aids in digestion and protection
Cytosol – is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm and made mostly of water

5. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Nucleus Plant & Animal
Function and
Transport System
Nucleus
Plant & Animal
Brain of the cell
Contains nucleolus: acts as the control center (President, CEO)
Contains nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
Has a double membrane called a nuclear envelope

6. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Plant & Animal
Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and
Transport
System
Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)
Plant & Animal
Intracellular Highway
→ Where molecules,
fluids, gases travel
Place where lipids and proteins are produced
2 types:
Smooth ER: NO ribosomes
Rough ER: HAS ribosomes

7. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Ribosomes
NOT bound by a surrounding membrane
Plant & Animal
Most numerous organelle.
Important for protein synthesis by RNA
2 Types:
Free (floating)
Attached to an organelle

8. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Golgi Apparatus
Plant & Animal
UPS Center
Processing, packaging, and secreting (to deliver) molecules
Looks like a series of flattened stack of pancakes

9. Function and Transport System
Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and Transport System
Mitochondria
Plant & Animal
Powerhouse of cell
(energy)
Cellular respiration takes place
→ breaks down glucose to make energy molecule, ATP
Have their own ribosomes and DNA – suggests mitochondria was originally a free-living prokaryote taken in by larger cells

10. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Vacuole
Both
Fluid-filled sac used for the storage of materials needed by the cell
-Includes water, food molecules, inorganic ions and enzymes
-In animals are small

11. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Central Vacuole
Plants ONLY
Large storage sac (90%)
Stores food, enzymes, waste products, toxins
Also contains pigments that give cells their colors – such as petals in a flower

12. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Lysosomes
Plant & Animal
Aids in digestion
→ digest old
organelles,
viruses, food,
blood, waste and
bacteria
Looks like “eyeballs”

13. Function and Transport System
Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and Transport System
Centrosomes and Centrioles
Plant & Animal
Centrosomes – produce microtubules
Centrioles – are cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubules.
*help to organize microtubules to form cilia and flagella

14. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Chloroplast
Plants ONLY
Money Bags
Responsible for photosynthesis
Plants make food (glucose)
Gives off O2 gas

15. Cell Wall is Plants ONLY
Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and
Transport
System
Cell Wall
Cell Wall is Plants ONLY
Is selectively
permeable: allows specific molecules to pass in and out.
In plants and algae – made of cellulose
In fungi – made of chitin
In bacteria – made of peptidoglycan

16. Cell Part
(Organelle)
Plant or Animal
Function and
Transport
System
Flagella
Plant & Animal
Long and less numerous (usually 1 or 2)
Whip like motion, protection, and defense

17. Cell Part (Organelle) Plant or Animal Function and Transport System
Cilia
Plant & Animal
Short, numerous, hairlike structures
Found in ears, nose, tongue, and lungs
Helps cell move, protection from bad cells or germs, and defense