1. Topic 11
Career Development

2. Beginning of Career Choice
Career choice begin early:
Personal experience:
Watching parents/neighbours
Adult conversation
Role Play
Temporary/part-time work
Early experience  adolescent learn  will continue developing career towards their interest.
However  career choice may change with maturity.

3. Stages in Career Development
Since the age of 10  a child stars to think what they want to be when they grow up  will continue until 24 yrs old.
Pre adolescent period Career choice are based on
Fantasy/Dream
Excitement/Adventure
Not on their ability

4. Stages in Career Development
Early & middle adolescent  choice of career change according to their interest, ability and their values.
Late adolescent & early adult  able to make a correct choice according to own ability, experience and knowledge.
Choice of career are more clearer and establish after succeeded entering college/higher learning institutions.

5. Social factors : Choosing a career
Parents
Educational level
Mass media
Gender

6. Career Education Why need Career education? To assist students
Know themselves (their ability)
Develope their potential
For well-being
For community
For the country.

7. Why Career Education Programme?
Build Self-Awareness
Assist student to understand issues related to:
Interest and liking
Potentials, ability & Skills
Relating self-potentials to suitable career
Self-development opportunities

8. Role of school in developing career awareness
Seminar/ speech
Exhibition
Co-curriculum (Uniform cadets)
Ready Informations

9. Theories

10. Theories in Career Choice/Development
Ginzberg
Holland

11. Ginzberg’s Career Choice Theory
Ginzberg (1972) suggested several stages people move through in choosing a career.
3 stages:
Fantasy (11 & below)
Tentative (11-17 yrs. old)
Realistic (17/18 & above)

12. Stage 1: Fantasy Choice of career (ambitions) are made based on:
Excitement & interesting
Emotions & not practicality
Child perceptions
* Fantasy period – the period of life when career choices are made – and discarded – without regard to skills, abilities, or available job opportunities

13. Stage 2: Tentative
Focus  on self & Career choice based on 4 aspects:
Interest (11-12 years old)
Capasity (13-14 years old)
Values (15-16 years old)
Transition (16-17 years old)
Early adolescent  interest play a major role but as they grow older  more matured  start thinking about their ability.
Integration between interest and ability  from the value system.
* Tentative period- the second stage which spans adolescence, in which people begin to think in pragmatic terms about the requirements of various jobs and how their own abilities might fit with those requirements

14. Stage 3: Realistic Focus on career opportunity and market demand.
Starts reviewing their aspiration, needs & interest, their ability and occupational work demand.
Choice are also made based on:
Experience & achievement so far.
Family influences
Personal job influence
Realistic period – the stage in late adolescence and early adulthood during which people can explore career options through job experience or training, narrow their choices, and eventually make a commitment to career

15. John Holland Theory of Career Choice

16. John Holland Personality –Type Theory
According to Holland (1959):
Individual personality influences a person choice of career .
6 types of basic personaliti  6 types of basic occupations
Only certain types of occupation suits a specific personality.

17. John Holland Theory of Career Choice
Personalities & basic environment:
Realistic
Investigative
Conventional
Enterprising
Artistic
Social

18. John Holland Theory of Career Choice
Realistic – down-to earth, practical problem solvers, physically strong, mediocre social skills
Intellectual/Investigative – theoretical and abstract orientation, not particularly good with people
Conventional – prefer highly structured tasks
Enterprising – risk takers and take-charge types, good leaders
Artistic – use art to express themselves and prefer the world of art to interactions with people
Social – verbal skills and interpersonal relations are strong, good at working with people

19. John Holland Theory of Career Choice
You Type of Occupation
Realistic
Investigative
Conventional
Enterprising
Artistic
Social
Type of Personality
Realistic
Investigative
Conventional
Enterprising
Artistic
Social
Type of Suitable job environment
Potential to succeed
Suits

20. Investigative/Intellectual
Like to investigate  suitable to an abstract type of occupation, intellectual and scientific.
Not interested in Enterprising type of work
Individual Characteristic
Clever
Analytical
Independent
Rasional
Curious
Type of Occupation
Mathematicians
Chemist
Biologist
PhysicistAhli Fizik

21. Realistic
Prefer job in an objective environment  does not involve good communication skills, involves physical & related to technical and farming.
Favourite type of work characteristics  relate to machine, equipment, nature & athletic.
Not interested in work related to Social
Type of Occupation
Mechanic
Rangers
Carpenter
Farmers
Contractors
Athletics
Individual Characteristic
Mechanical
Aggressive
Strong/athletic
Stubborn
Stern

22. Convensional
Career choice  involve community support but does not involve lot of thinking Suitable in concrete and predictable envirobnment. Prefer routine and structural type of work.
Not interested in artistic type of work
Individual Characteristic
Specific/precise
Orderly
Practical
Efficient
Careful
Type of Occupation
Accountant
Proof-reader
Statistician
Secretary

23. Enterprising
Suitable in an adventurous, energizing and challenging work environment. Have an empowering and extrovert personality, and loves power.
Not interested in realistic type of work
Type of Occupation
Sales person
Politician
Businessman
Legal/law
Evangelism
Individual Characteristic
Coherent
Aggressive
Ambitious
Confidence
Controlling

24. Artistic Individual Characteristic Independent Type of Occupation
Suitable in an artistic  arts and designing environment  able to express their creativity.
Not interested in conventional type of work.
Individual Characteristic
Independent
Creative
Non-conformist
Abstract
Idealistic
Type of Occupation
Musician
Artist/sculpture
Dancer/singer
Acting
Others  related to art

25. Social
Prefer job related to the social, administrative or treating environment  ability in communication and interpersonal relationship.
Not interested in realistic type of occupation.
Type of Occupation
Teaching
Counselor
Social work
Psychologist/psychiatrist
Nurse/doctor
Individual Characteristic
Cooperative
Tolerent
Social
Empathy
Understanding