1. Superluminal Quantum Models of the Electron and the Photon
Richard Gauthier
American Physical Society Annual Meeting
Dallas, April 23, 2006
Session H12: New Directions in Particle Theory

2. Introduction
1. Superluminal quantum model of the photon— Uncharged superluminal quantum moves in an open helical trajectory of radius
2. Superluminal quantum model of the electron— Charged superluminal quantum moves in a closed double-looped helical trajectory with equal to one Compton wavelength
3. Zitterbewegung (Dirac equation electron’s “jittery motion”) and the superluminal quantum model of the electron

3. Parameters of superluminal quantum model of the photon
Photon Superluminal Quantum Parameter Model Parameter
Detected particle Uncharged superluminal point-like quantum
Energy Angular frequency along helix
Momentum Pitch of helix
Spin Radius of helical axis
Polarization Helicity of helix
Speed Longitudinal velocity component

4. Trajectory equations for superluminal quantum model of a photon

5. Superluminal Quantum Model of the Photon
Superluminal quantum’s speed along helical trajectory is 1.414c.

6. Superluminal quantum model of the photon and the Heisenberg uncertainty relation
In photon model: superluminal quantum’s transverse coordinates:
Heisenberg uncertainty relation:

7. Parameters of superluminal quantum model of the electron
Electron Superluminal Quantum Parameter Model Parameter
Mass/energy Compton wavelength
Charge Point-like charge
Spin Radius of helical axis
Magnetic moment Radius of helix
Electron or positron Helicity of helix

8. Superluminal quantum model of the electron
Equations of the superluminal quantum’s trajectory —a closed, double-looped helix

9. Two views of the superluminal quantum model of the electron
The small circle is the axis of the double-looped helical trajectory. The maximum speed of superluminal quantum along its trajectory is 2.515c .

10. Dirac equation’s Zitterbewegung (“jittery motion”) properties of the superluminal quantum model of the electron
1. Superluminal quantum circulates with a longitudinal component of velocity equal to the speed of light c (The eigenvalue of the Dirac Zitterbewegung solution).
2. Superluminal quantum model of the electron has internal Zitterbewegung angular frequency:
3. Superluminal model of the electron has Zitterbewegung amplitude:
Superluminal quantum model of electron:

11. Other Dirac equation properties of the superluminal quantum model of the electron
4. Spin of superluminal quantum model of electron
5. Magnetic moment of superluminal quantum model of electron
6. Gyromagnetic ratio of superluminal quantum model of electron
7. Superluminal quantum positron predicted possible helicities of superluminal quantum model of electron: electron and positron

12. Conclusions
The superluminal quantum models of the electron and the photon are visualizable quantum models containing many quantitative properties of the electron and the photon.
The superluminal quantum model of the electron can be tested by projecting left and right-handed gamma photons on electrons and comparing scattering rates. (Different scattering rates – model supported).