1. What is chemistry?
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

2. Properties of Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and volume (takes up space)
Most everything is made of matter

3. What is mass? Mass is the amount of matter in an object
Mass is constant

4. Mass vs. Weight
The measure of the force of gravity on the mass of an object
Weight changes with gravity

5. Properties of Matter Characteristics used to describe an object
Physical Property
A condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition.
Ex: color, luster, hardness
A physical change involves the changing of physical properties (such as appearance or state)
However, the composition or type of matter does NOT change

6. Intensive versus Extensive
Intensive properties are independent of amount (stays the same no matter how much you have)
Ex. color, boiling point
Extensive properties change with amount
Ex. length, mass

7. Phase Changes
Phase changes can involve a change in volume, but mass remains constant.
Adding or removing energy (or heat) from matter results in phase changes
What are some examples of phase changes?

8. Properties of Matter (cont.)
Chemical Property
Property that describes how a substance can change into a NEW substance
Ex: flammability, reactivity with water/oxygen
During a chemical change, the original substance is converted into a new and different substance
What is another name for a chemical change?

9. How is a chemical change different from a physical change?

10. States of matter
Solid- matter that can not flow (definite shape) and has definite volume.
Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows).
Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow.
Vapor- a substance that is currently a gas, but normally is a liquid or solid at room temperature.

11. Classification of Matter
A mixture is a combination of two or more substance that can be separated by physical means
Matter that cannot be separated physically is called a pure substance
(needs to be chemically separated)

12. (Pure) Substances: element or compound
Elements
simplest kind of matter
all one kind of atom
Compounds
substances that can be broken down only by chemical methods
when broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the original compound
made of two or more atoms,chemically combined (not just a physical blend!)

13. Mixtures A physical blend of at least two substances
Variable composition
Heterogeneous – the mixture is NOT uniform in composition
Homogeneous - same composition throughout
Also called “solutions”

14. Periodic Table Elements: 1 or two letter symbol
First letter always capitalized; if there is a second letter, it is lowercase
Ex. B, Ba, C, Ca, H, He
Compounds have a formula
Ex. NaCl, CaSO4 , H2O
Columns = Groups (families)
Rows = Periods

15. Classification of Elements
Elements can be classified as:
Metals
Located to the left
of the “zigzag” line
Nonmetals
Located to the right
Metalloids
Located directly above
or below the “zigzag” line