1. LESSON 2
History of Microscopy

2. History of Microscopy
400 years ago

3. Zacharias & Hans Janssen
1590?
first compound microscopes

4. Galileo Galilei & Giovanni Faber
1624
-1625
fellow Lincean academy member Giovanni Faber coined the word for Galileo's invention occhiolino, the"little eye".
μικρόν (micron) + σκοπεῖν (skopein)
"small" + "to look at"

5. Robert Hooke
1655
~1665
most famous microscopical observation was his study of thin slices of cork. Named the term “Cell”
© J.Paul Robinson

6. is illuminated through the oil lamp and water-filled spherical reservoir,
Light from the lamp is diffused when it passes through the reservoir and is then focused onto the specimen with a lens attached to the reservoir.

8. thin slices of cork.

11. Green cell wall

12. Anton von Leeuwenhoek Father of microscopy “simple” microscope 1673
Single lens microscope
could magnify to about 275x
single-celled animals ("animalcules")
interior of cells
1673
~1674

14. single lens microscopes
compound microscopes
vs.
single lens microscopes ?
Aberration (technical flaws) in the lenses

15. Optical aberration
1. Spherical aberration زيغ كروي

16. Optical aberration
2. Chromatic aberration
زيغ لوني

17. History of Microscopy Schleiden & Schwann
1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest units of living things 3. Cells only rise from existing cells.
1838 Schleiden and Schwann proposed the cell theory, stating that the cell is the unit of structure and function in plants and animals.

18. History of Microscopy Koch
1882 Koch used aniline dyes to stain microorganisms and identified the bacteria that causes tuberculosis and cholera.

19. Tripod / brass

20. improvement

22. REFERENCES History of Microscopy
Table 4-1