1. WARM UP –
Answer the following questions using your notes from yesterday:
What did Gandhi want the Indian people to do instead of using violence against the British?
Why did so many European counties become interested in claiming parts of Africa?
Describe one positive and one negative effect of Imperialism in Africa
What was the most significant consequence of Imperialism?

2. World War I

3. THE CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
M –
A – I-
N -

4. CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I M – Militarism A – Alliances I – Imperialism
N - Nationalism

5. General Causes Militarism –building up, glorifying military
Countries wanted to prove their military was best
Germany wants the world’s best navy; this threatened Britain, which had the best, led to arms race

6. General Causes Alliance System – promise to help each other in war
If two nations fought, all of Europe would fight
Alliances before WWI:
Germany & Austria-Hungary
France, Britain, Russia & Serbia

7. General Causes Imperialism –taking over places, making them colonies
France & Britain colonized most of the world
Germany tried to gain colonies, which threatened France & Britain

8. General Causes Nationalism – Pride in one’s country
European countries believed that building an empire equaled greatness
This led many nations to expand and try to control as much land as possible

10. Specific Cause Austria-Hungary empire ruled central Europe
That area contained an ethnic group called Slavs
Serbia wanted parts of Austria-Hungary with lots of Slavs to break away & become part of Serbia
Slavic Nationalism

11. Specific Cause Austria-Hungary takes over Bosnia
Serbia had wanted Bosnia to join with them
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to Austria-Hungary’s throne, goes on a parade through Bosnia

12. Specific Cause
During the parade, he was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

13. Specific Cause Germany also declares war on Serbia
Germany & Austria-Hungary think Russia will help Serbia, so they declare war on Russia
Germany thinks France will help Russia, so they launch the Schlieffen Plan

14. Schlieffen Plan
German plan to quickly defeat France, then focus on Russia
Plan fails, leads to stalemate & trench warfare on Western Front

15. Schlieffen Plan Germany goes through Belgium on the way to France
Belgium tries to stop them, so Germany attacks
Great Britain, Belgium’s ally, declares war on Germany

16. World War I
The Central Powers – Germany, Austria- Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
The Allied Powers – Serbia, Russia, France, Britain, Italy, Belgium, and eventually the United States

17. Fighting on Two Fronts Fighting on two fronts:
Western front: France/Germany border
Eastern Front: Russia/Germany border

18. Trench Warfare Kind of combat on the Western Front
Huge number of deaths, long stalemates (very little movement)
Defense was best strategy; wait out your opponent
Conditions in trenches were terrible – cold, wet, unsanitary – leads to diseases and infections (ex. Trench foot)
Land in between the trenches was called “No Man’s Land”

24. Christmas Day Truce of 1914

27. New Weapons Machine guns Poison Gas Aircraft Tanks
Weapons that could more people,
faster