1. Kingdoms & Domains Chapter 18-3

2. As we discovered more about the natural world…
not all organisms fit into Linnaeus’s 2 kingdoms (_____ or _____)
plant
animal
bacteria
fungi
Ex: _________ _____
Images from:

3. _______________________ FIVE ORIGINAL KINGDOMS
(BACTERIA)

4. 6 KINGDOMS used today As we learned more about bacteria,
the __________ kingdom was split into TWO distinct kingdoms
___________ & ______________
MONERA
Eubacteria Archaebacteria
6 KINGDOMS used today
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia

5. THREE-DOMAIN system Molecular analyses have given
rise to a ___________
_______ now recognized
= _______
new taxonomic
category
DOMAIN

6. Domains are larger than Kingdoms and are based on the kind of
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Domains are larger than Kingdoms and
are based on the kind of
____________ an organism has.
Ribosomal RNA

7. 6 Kingdom System Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae
Animalia
Kidspiration by Riedell

8. = ____________ (Includes bacteria)
REMEMBER
Cell without a nucleus
= ____________ (Includes bacteria)
Cell with a nucleus and organelles surrounded by membranes = _________________
(includes plants and animals)
Organism that can make its own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis =
______________
Organism that gets food energy from consuming other organisms = _____________
PROKARYOTE
EUKARYOTE
AUTOTROPH
HETEROTROPH

9. = _____________________
REMEMBER
A ONE-CELLED organism
= _____________________
Organism made of many cells
= ______________
Polysaccharide made by joining glucose molecules together which makes plants sturdy
= _________________
UNICELLULAR
MULTICELLULAR
CELLULOSE

10. DOMAIN: BACTERIA KINGDOM: EUBACTERIA
_______________________
______________________
Have cell walls with ________________
Can be ____________ or ______________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
PROKARYOTES
UNICELLULAR
PEPTIDOGLYCAN
AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS
E. coli, Streptococcus

11. Polymer made of sugars and amino acids
found outside the cell membrane in the cell
wall in some bacteria = ______________
PEPTIDOGLYCAN

12. DOMAIN: ARCHAEA KINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA
PROKARYOTES
_________________
Have cell walls
_________ peptidoglycan
Can be ___________ or ______________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
LIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS like volcanic hot springs, brine pools, low oxygen
UNICELLULAR
WITHOUT
AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS
Halophiles; thermophiles;

13. Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature environments
Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature environments
= ________________
Organisms that can live in high salt environments
= ______________
THERMOPHILES
HALOPHILES

14. DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: PLANTAE
_______________________
______________________
Have cell walls with ________________
and _____________
_________________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
EUKARYOTES
MULTICELLULAR
CELLULOSE
CHLOROPLASTS
AUTOTROPHS
Mosses, ferns, trees,
flowering plants

15. DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
_______________________
_____________________
________________ or _______________
__________________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
EUKARYOTES
MULTICELLULAR
NO CELL WALLS CHLOROPLASTS
HETEROTROPHS
Worms, insects, fish, birds,
mammals, humans

16. DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: FUNGI
_______________________
______________________
Have cell walls with ________________
_______________
__________________________________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
EUKARYOTES
Most MULTICELLULAR; few UNICELLULAR
CHITIN
HETEROTROPHS- absorb nutrients from decaying organic matter
Mushrooms, yeast

17. DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: PROTISTA
_______________________
______________________
Some have cell walls with ________________
____________________
Can be _____________ or _____________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
EUKARYOTES
Most UNICELLULAR; some colonial/multi
CELLULOSE
Some have chloroplasts
AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS
Amoeba; Paramecium;
Giant kelp; slime mold

18. Classification of Living Things
Figure Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Section 18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
CELL STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Bacteria
____________
Prokaryote
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Streptococcus, Escherichia coli
Archaea
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
_____________
Autotroph or heterotroph
Methanogens, halophiles
Protista
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts
Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular
__________________________
Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp
Fungi
Eukaryote
______________________
Most multicellular; some unicellular
Heterotroph
Mushrooms, yeasts
Eukarya
Plantae
Eukaryote
Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts
___________
Mosses, ferns, flowering plants
Animalia
____________
No cell walls or chloroplasts
Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals
Eubacteria
Eukaryote
Cell walls
of chitin
Multicellular
Unicellular
Multicellular
Autotroph or
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Heterotroph

19. Figure 18-13 Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and Three Domains
Section 18-3
DOMAIN ARCHAEA
DOMAIN EUKARYA
Kingdoms
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
DOMAIN BACTERIA

20. SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS
LIFE SCIENCE: Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures,
functions, classifications, and mechanisms found
in living things
9-12.L Students are able to relate cellular functions and processes to specialized structures within cells.

21. SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS
LIFE SCIENCE: Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures,
functions, classifications, and mechanisms found
in living things
9-12.L Students are able to classify organisms using characteristics and evolutionary relationship of major taxa. (APPLICATION)
Kingdoms
Examples: animals, plants, fungi, protista, monera
Phyla
Examples: invertebrates, vertebrates, divisions of plants

22. Core High School Life Science Performance Descriptors
High school students performing at the
ADVANCED level:
predict the function of a given structure;
construct an original dichotomous key.
PROFICIENT level:
classify organisms using a dichotomous key.
describe the relationship between structure and function
BASIC level
recognize that different structures perform different functions;
identify DNA as the structure that carries the genetic code
Know the purpose of a dichotomous key

23. SOUTH DAKOTA ADVANCED SCIENCE STANDARDS
9-12.L.1.5A. Students are able to classify organisms using characteristics and evolutionary relationships of domains. (SYNTHESIS)
Examples: eubacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes