1. What can you tell about these pictures? Are there any similarities?

2. Triumph of Death
painted c by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. It currently hangs in the Museo del Prado, Madrid.

3. The Black Death,
1348

4. The Plague occurred in 3 Forms
D e a t h
The Plague occurred in 3 Forms
PNEUMONIC PHASE
Attacked the Lungs
Caused fierce coughing & sneezing fits
Chest pain, Bloody sputum
SEPTICEMIC PHASE
Rarest and Deadliest
Traveled thru bloodstream
Black spots beneath skin
Victims choked on own blood, Excruciating Pain!
BUBONIC PHASE
Most Common
Egg-sized swellings (buboes)
Neck, armpits, groin (dark blisters)
Headaches, Weakness, Nausea/Vomiting
Severe Fever and Delirium
The Whirligig was not that bad of a torture. It just spun the victim around in circles until he puked, mostly all over himself.

7. Myth or Fact? (Song)
Ring around the rosie, A pocket full of posies, Ashes! Ashes! We all fall down!

8. HARVEST OF DEATH
DEPICTION OF THE PLUBONIC PLAGUE

9. WHY? Ignorance Surrounded Cause and Cure Europeans were Frantic Blames
Alignment of Planets
Infected Clothing, Humans
God’s Wrath aimed at Sin
Jews
Cures/Remedies
Pomanders
Mixture of Molasses & Chopped Snake
Repentance
Flagellants

10. The Flagellant Brahren
Singing hymns and sobbing, the men beat themselves with scourges studded with iron spikes. Blood gushes from their many wounds, and the spikes embed themselves in the torn flesh. The ritual is performed in public twice each day.
Such exhibitions are highly influential. The establishment may focus their attacks on church corruption and their promotion of a wave of savage anti-Semitism. but the masses worship the flagellants as living martyrs. Their deeds are to be admired and their commands to be carried out.
Many Followers massacred Jews believing they had poisoned society.

11. The burning of Jews in 1349 (from a European chronicle written on the Black Death between 1349 and 1352)

12. Black Death
Carried by Ships throughout Europe
Rats infested the goods on board

14. Origins Originated in Mongolia’s Gobi desert
Moved along the Silk Road to Black Sea
Bacteria carried by fleas, lived on black rats
Major trade/commercial cities were good hosts
Sicily in 1347, England 1348, culminating in Russia 1352
Unstoppable Force
“Victims ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors in paradise."

15. Effect on European Civilization

16. 25 million people died in just under five years between 1347 and 1352.
DISASTER STRIKES
Estimated population of Europe from 1000 to 1352.
million
million
million
million
million
million
25 million people died in just under five years between 1347 and 1352.

17. THE TRUE CAUSE OF THE PLAGUE
The Swiss scientist Alexandre Yersin discovered the true cause of plague.
The bubonic plague, an infectious disease, are caused by microbes that
invade the human body.
The microbes that cause the plague are a type of bacteria known as the
Yersinia pestis.
The bubonic plague, however, does not start in humans.
Instead it infects only rats and cannot be spread directly from rats to
humans.
Fleas, which live on the rats for food, abandon the rat when the rat dies.
If these fleas then find a human the, Yersinia pestis is injected into the
bloodstream.
Then the disease can spread from man to man.

18. How it was Transmitted                                                                                                                                           
Yersinia pestis seen at 2000x magnification. This bacterium, carried and spread by fleas, is the cause of the various forms of the disease plague

19. History of Plague
Justinian’s Plague ( ) killed ¼ pop. of Mediterranean
6th & 8th C. breakouts
16th, 17th, 18th C. Pandemics
Italian, London, Vienna, Marseilles, Russia
3rd Pandemic (Asian Plague) – 19th, 20th C.
~15 million dead (India, China, Russia)
Biological Weapon (Japanese, WWII)
Looked at Medieval Styles of Catapulting Infected Bodies into Castles
Released Infected Fleas in China, Manchuria
Studied Live Subject, Dissecting