1. Do Now Sit with partner from yesterday Grab a surface
Or pick one if you don’t have one already
If you were gone yesterday, feel free to form a trio
Grab a surface

2. Task: Resistance to Imperialism
You and a partner (or on your own) will select one of Four wars of resistance against Imperialism:
The Anglo-Zulu War
The Maji Maji Rebellion
The Matabele War
First Italo-Ethiopian War
You will need to present your information to another group in about 20 minutes.

3. Task: Resistance to Imperialism
Answer the following questions:
Where/when did this take place? Between which powers?
Why did the conflict start?
Who was defeated? Why were they defeated?
What methods did the Africans use to resist?
How did the European power react?
Overall, what would you say changed because of the war?

4. Resistance Share
Each group spend about 2 minutes sharing what they discovered.
Focus on:
Why the conflict started
Who was defeated and why
What changed because of this war
Notebook Response:
What key similarities do you see between your conflicts?
What key differences?

5. Do Now Head back to your desks Take out notebook
Make a new notes title: “The Congo Free State”

6. Notes: The Congo Free State
During the Berlin conference, there were also more noble concerns than territory and wealth.
Two main objectives:
End the last remnants of the slave trade.
Help those living in poverty.

7. The Congo Free State The Congo was given to a charitable organization.
Their mission was:
To develop the Congo
To spread Christianity
To end slavery

8. The Congo Free State
The owner of that charitable organization was King Leopold II of Belgium.
Through the charitable organization, he owned the Congo as an independent citizen. It was not part of Belgium but his personal property.

9. The Congo Free State Belgium was a minor nation.
Leopold imagined it one day ruling a great empire.
However, the Belgian Parliament did not believe it was ethical.
Though the Congo was technically owned by his charity—Leopold ruled it as if it was his own kingdom.

10. Notebook response
Leopold was pulled 2 directions: his desire for an Empire and his desire to help Africans.
Predict What would you would imagine his Free Congo State was like?

12. Red Rubber By 1890, Rubber was in huge demand worldwide.
Congo has many rubber vines.
However, it takes a lot of work to produce rubber from these vines.

13. Red Rubber
Leopold decided to turn most of the Congo’s economy to producing rubber.
Those who failed to meet their quotas faced brutal punishment.
Those who failed to punish others were also brutally punished.

14. Sample Learning Check Questions:
What were European powers hoping to avoid by holding the Berlin Conference? Why were they afraid of this?
Europe was trying to avoid a war in Europe. They thought competition for empire might start a war.
What was King Leopold’s mission in the Congo?
To help the Congo by bringing development and Christianity and ending slavery.

15. Assignment: Red Rubber
The only real way to tell the story of the Congo Free State is through the thing it produced the most of:
Your task is to find what you would consider to be the 5 worst things done in this “humanitarian” state.
You may work with a partner or on your own.
horror stories