1. Color Blindness
or Dyschromatopsia
By Gabriella Lee

2. Color Blindness - Inability to perceive one or more colors.

3. What is Color Blindness?
-Color blindness is the condition in which you can’t distinguish some or all of the colors that people without color blindness can distinguish
-People who can see all range of colors require the use of a specialized receptor cell, called cones, which are located in the retina of the eye
-There are 3 types of cones, red, blue and green
-If there is damage or abnormality in any of these cones, it may result in impaired color vision a.k.a. color blindness
-Usually color blindness is inherited from your parents, but it can be acquired through damage of the eye, nerve or brain

4. Types of color blindness
-There are many types of color blindness
A few include
- Monochromacy, which is complete color blindness
- Dichromacy, which is when you can’t recognize one of the 3 basic colors (red, blue, green)
-Protanopia, a color blindness which is caused by the loss of the red color
-Deuteranopia, a color blindness which is caused by the loss of the green color
-Tritanopia, a color blindness which is caused by the loss of the blue color
- Anomalous Trichromacy, this is when one of the 3 basic colors is impaired but not lost

5. The Colors of the Rainbow
Viewed by a person without color blindness
Viewed by a person with Protanopia (loss of red)
The Colors of the Rainbow
Viewed by a person with Deuteranopia (loss of green)
Viewed by a person with Tritanopia (loss of blue)

6. What type of inheritance?
-Color Blindness is a sex linked hereditary disease and is X-linked recessive
-This means that this disorder is a mutation on a sex chromosome, in this case the X chromosome
-Males are more frequently affected by this disorder, as they only have 1 X chromosome
-However as it is recessive, another dominant X chromosome in a female can over rule this recessive one.

7. Punnet Squares How is this disorder inherited? X (unaffected) x
Xx (female carrier) Y
XY (unaffected male) XY
(unaffected male)
Offspring of an unaffected female (XX) and an affected male (Yx). 50% are female carriers and the other 50% are unaffected males
X (unaffected
x (affected) X
XX (unaffected female)
Xx (female carrier) Y
XY (unaffected male)
Yx (affected male)
Offspring of a female carrier (Xx) and an unaffected male (Yx). 25% are female carriers, 25% are affected males, 25% are unaffected males and 25% are unaffected females
(unaffected)
(affected)
Punnet Squares
How is this disorder inherited?
X (unaffected)
x (affected) x
Xx (female carrier)
Xx (affected female) Y
YX (unaffected male)
Yx (affected male)
x (affected) X
Xx (female carrier) Y
Yx (affected male)
(unaffected)
(affected)
Offspring of a female carrier (Xx) and an affected male (Yx). 25% are female carriers, 25% are affected females, 25% are unaffected males and 25% are affected males
Offspring of an affected female (xx) and an unaffected male (XY). 50% are female carriers and 50% are affected males.

8. Bibliography
"Color Blindness." Answers.Com. 19 Oct <
"Color Blindness." StLukesEye.Com. St. Lukes Cataract and Laser Institute. 19 Oct <
"Color Blindness." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Hong Kong. 17 Oct Keyword: Color Blindness.
"Colors for the Color Blind." 19 Oct <
"Genetic Disorder." Wikipedia. Wikipedia. Hong Kong. 18 Oct Keyword: Genetic Disorders.
Pictures: