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Stress and Abnormal Psychology

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1 Stress and Abnormal Psychology
Lap 2 Chapters 15 and 16 OLD: Review the Goals of Psych Q: OB-- sources of stress/ examples of stress many students experience/ 5 common stressors … so what is stress?

2 Abnormal Psychology: Normal:
No clear cut distinctions Abnormal: exaggerated/ distorted response to typical life problems Behavior or symptoms that deviate from normality and interfere with daily life Deviation- different from majority Adjustment- can’t adjust Only labeled if it impacts quality of life Ch 16, sec 1

3 STRESS Stress- Stressor- Stress reactions- Stress is normal
Ex: noise/ crowds, 1st job, BOYS, a big game… Stress reactions- Could be emotional, mental, physical, or behavioral Ch 15, sec 1

4 Perception, Appraisal, Evaluation
Two types of stress Distress – Estress – Q: Explain the difference and give examples of each. Q: Would you feel more stressed about a scheduled exam or a pop quiz? Why? Ch 15, sec 1

5 Cognitive Model of Stress
Stress is normal How much stress is bad? Depends on you perception/ appraisal of situation your coping mechanisms… see below SRRS example here

6 Sources of Distress Hassles Frustrations Conflict
Ex: can’t find your keys Frustrations Ex: delay (traffic), lack of resources (out of ink), discrimination Conflict

7 Conflict Situations and Distress
Evaluation and decision making Choices Approach-Approach Conflict Situation Choose between two goals/ equally attractive alternatives I want to XX AND YY Conflict in name only – No real stress involved Easiest to solve Ch 15, sec 1

8 Conflict Situations Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict Situation
Choose between two equally unpleasant alternatives/ two undesired possibilities a “lose/lose” situation “lesser of two evils” produces MOST stress Ch 15, sec 1

9 Conflict Situations Approach-Avoidance Conflict Situation
Decision with both a pleasant & an unpleasant side/ attraction and repulsion to the same goal Want to, but have fear or doubts Ex: go on trip, BUT have to fly stress depends on intensity of desire vs. intensity of fear Decision is simple, but difficult: do it or not Ch 15, sec 1

10 Conflict Situations Double (Multiple) Approach- Avoidance Conflict Situation Multiple decisions, each having a pleasant & unpleasant side most common type of conflict Decision is more complicated do this – pros vs. cons XX BUT YY OR do that – pros vs. cons XX BUT YY Ch 15, sec 1

11 Coping with Stress Direct Coping/ Active: Defensive Coping:
Confront the issue- problem solving Direct Indirect Compromise Withdrawal/ avoidance Defensive Coping: Defensive Mechanisms Q: Think of a stressful situation you experienced, how did you cope? SEE WKSHT Ch 15, sec 2 and 3

12 Stress Reactions Mental/ Cognitive Emotional Behavioral Physical
Memory, concentration, judgment… Emotional Anxiety, fear, anger/ irritability, burnout … Behavioral Eating/ sleeping/ nervous habits Escape, drugs… Physical Illness, pain (headaches), constipation… Neumann Chart HW Review Ch 15, sec 2

13 Stress and Health Theories
Fight or Flight General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - Alarm Stage- hormones/ adrenaline Resistance Stage- body responds Exhaustion Stage- body reaches it limit Stress and Heart Disease Type A behavior Methods for reducing stress Ch 15, sec 2

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