1. Biogeochemical Cycles
There are 5 different cycles: carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, and water.

2. An ecosystem survives by a combination of energy flow and matter recycling. Producers-plants Consumers-herbivores, carnivores Decomposers-bacteria, fungi All of the cycles work together.

3. Water cycle
Also known as Hydrological cycle 1- evaporation: water rises as gas 2-ground water: water that seeps into the ground. Aquifers-underground lakes. 3-precipitation: rain 4-condensation: water turns from a gas to a liquid 5-runoff: excess overflow runs down due to gravity 6-ocean

4. Water 70% of Earth is covered in water
Only 3% is fresh water available for drinking

5. Humans effect on the water cycle
-withdrawing large amount of freshwater -clearing vegetation and eroding soils -polluting surface and underground water -contributing to climate change

6. Carbon Cycle 1-Animals breathe out CO2
2-Plants take in CO2 and put out oxygen
3-Factories give off CO2
4-Animals die and decompose-some of carbon seeps into the ground
5-Animals die and remains of carbon are compacted over 100’s of years and turn into coal, natural gas, and oil (nonrenewable resources).
6-Remains can run off to water.
7-Dead animals release carbon in air (stinks).

7. Nitrogen Cycle-78% of the atmosphere
1-Animals all poop-waste seeps into ground. 2-Nitrogen fixing bacteria clean nitrogen and make it usable for plants. 3-Plants need nitrogen. 4-Decomposers break down poop into nitrogen.

8. Phosphorus Cycle
1-Phosphorus is in rocks. 2-Weathering and erosion breaks down rocks. Phosphorus is released in water and soil. 3-Plants pick up phosphorus from roots. Animals eat plants and drink water.