1. It’s Electrifying!
E-Mag

2. Electric Circuit A closed path through which electrons can flow.
Ex: when you turn a light switch ON, you create a CLOSED circuit, when you turn it off you are opening the circuit
Phet circuit

3. Types of Circuits Series: current has only one path to take
Parallel: current can follow different paths throughout the circuit.

4. Series Circuits

5. Series Circuit
total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of individual resistance of each device in the circuit
Req = R1+ R2+ R3 …

6. Series Circuit is the same in all parts of the circuit
Ieq = I1 = I2 = I3 = …

7. Series Circuit
Voltage drop (potential difference) can be different for each device in the circuit
Sum of voltage drops in the circuit is equal to total voltage supplied by the power source
Veq = V1 + V2 + V3 + …

8. Fill in the blanks…

9. SERIES CIRCUIT
I stays the same
V adds up
R adds up

10. Parallel Circuit

11. Parallel Circuit
Voltage (potential difference) is the same across each device in the circuit
Voltage drops across each resistor in each branch equals the total voltage provided by the battery (voltage same everywhere in the circuit
VT = V1 =V2 =V3 = …

12. Total current in a parallel circuit equals the sum of the current in all of the branches of the circuit
Itotal = I1 + I2 + I3
More branches = More resistance

13. Resistors in Parallel
1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3…

14. Resistors in Series VS in Parallel

15. The basics of solving circuit problems…
Parallel Circuits
I adds up
V is constant
1 =
Req R R R 3
SERIES CIRCUIT
I is constant
V adds up
R adds up

17. Circuit Breakers
Guards against overheating. It has a piece of wire that bends at high temps, causing a switch to “flip” which “opens” the circuit

18. Transformers
Not these:
These:

19. Transformers
Used to step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage through electromagnetic induction

20. Electromagnetic Induction
The process of inducing voltage by changing the magnetic field around a conductor

21. Power Transmission
Power can be transmitted very long distances at high voltages and low currents, it begins at 120,000 V at power plants and is stepped down until it reaches the 120 V used in your home

22. Power to Your Home

23. 110 V vs. 220 V plug

24. Electric Meter
Each month the number of kilowatt hours (kWh) is read and you are billed according to your usage

26. Magnetic Poles Produce magnetic forces.
Every magnet has a North and South pole.
Opposite poles attract each other. Like poles repel.

27. Magnetic Fields
space around a magnet where a magnetic force is exerted
acts like an electric field

28. Magnetic Declination

29. Magnetic Domains
The domain is determined by the alignment of the atoms in a magnet
A strong magnet has perfectly aligned atoms

30. The Earth’s Magnetic Field
A compass points to the earth’s magnetic field, however the geographic and magnetic fields are not perfectly aligned