1. Targeted DNA vaccination induced protection against nasal challenge with influenza virus 14 d after DNA vaccination.
Targeted DNA vaccination induced protection against nasal challenge with influenza virus 14 d after DNA vaccination. (A) Mice (n = 10 per group) were vaccinated with 25 μg DNA i.m. in each quadriceps and 14 d later challenged with 5xLD50 of influenza virus A (PR8/H1N1). Weight was monitored for 10 d as an indication of disease progression. Weight loss of 20% was defined as humane endpoint at which the mice were euthanized (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, two-way ANOVA). For reasons of clarity only some groups are shown, see (B) for results of all groups. (B) Body weight (%) on day 6 for all the different groups. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < compared with the nontargeted αNIP-HA group by Mann–Whitney two-tailed t test. (C) Mean weight on day 6 versus % survival after challenge with influenza A (PR8/H1N1). Correlation analyzed using Pearson correlation two-tailed test. Color coding as in Fig. 3.
Ranveig Braathen et al. ImmunoHorizons 2018;2:38-53
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