1. The Role of Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy in the Era of Robotic Surgery 
Jens Rassweiler, Marcel Hruza, Jan Klein, Ali S. Goezen, Dogu Teber 
European Urology Supplements 
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages (April 2010)
DOI: /j.eursup
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Position of surgeon and assistant during suturing of the urethrovesical anastomosis. The surgeon uses the right medial trocar and the left lateral trocar to accomplish the minimal angle of 25° between both instruments. Note the “torero-position” of the assistant.
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
High-definition television (HDTV) monitor (Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with significantly improved resolution and extended view of the working field. Note the second HDTV monitor displaying augmented reality of anatomic structures.
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Sitting support used during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy when working via the two lateral trocars.
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Ergonomic seated position of the surgeon at the console of the da Vinci system (Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA). (a) Two loop-like handles for thumb and middle finger with an arm-rest supporting the elbow. (b) Foot pedal for controlling the position of the manipulators (clutch-function).
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Nonergonomic situation for the assistant at the patient during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy with the robot arms significantly reducing the dexterity.
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Use of a helmet providing three-dimensional vision (Viking Systems Inc., Westborough, MA, USA) in combination with 6-degrees-of-freedom needle holders (Radius System; Tuebingen Scientific Medical GmbH, Tübingen, Germany) for urethrovesical anastomosis: (a) external view, (b) endoscopic view.
European Urology Supplements 2010 9, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2010 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions