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Separating mixtures MARTIN 2011.

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Presentation on theme: "Separating mixtures MARTIN 2011."— Presentation transcript:

1 Separating mixtures MARTIN 2011

2 Filtration: MARTIN 2011

3 Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 143
Separates small insoluble solids from a liquid, e.g., sand & water, soil & water Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 143 Filter paper catches the solid and lets the liquid pass through Residue = solid left on filter paper Filtrate = liquid that passes through MARTIN 2011

4 Evaporation: MARTIN 2011

5 Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 144
Separates soluble solids from a liquid, e.g., salt & water, sugar & water Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 144 The steam from boiling water heats the clock glass causing the liquid to evaporate, leaving the solid behind as crystals MARTIN 2011

6 Distillation: MARTIN 2011

7 Alcohol boils at 78oC, water at 100oC
Separates two liquids that have different boiling points from each other, e.g., alcohol & water Alcohol boils at 78oC, water at 100oC Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 144 MARTIN 2011

8 Distillate = condensed liquid collected in beaker
The liquid with the lower bp evaporates first, passes through the Liebig condenser, is cooled & collected in a beaker, leaving the other liquid in the flask Distillate = condensed liquid collected in beaker Distillation can also separate soluble solids from liquids MARTIN 2011

9 Chromatography: MARTIN 2011

10 Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 145
Separates a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution, e.g., inks, food dyes Set up apparatus as in diagram pg 145 Spot of sample placed on line at bottom of chromatography paper & as solvent moves up paper the sample is separated MARTIN 2011

11 Each colour appears as a spot above the original sample spot
The most soluble substance travels the furthest up the paper MARTIN 2011


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