1. Database Development Cycle
Track 3: Managing Information Using Database

2. Objectives Database planning System Definition
Requirements collection and analysis
Database design
DBMS selection
Application design
Prototyping
Implementation
Data Conversion and loading
Testing
Operational Maintenance

3. Life Cycle Database Planning Systems Definition
Requirements Collection
and analysis
Database Design
DBMS
Selection
Application
Design
Implementation
Data Conversion and loading
Testing
Evaluation & Maintenance
Prototyping
Source:

4. Database Planning Current systems evaluation Development of Standards
Technological feasability
Operational feasability
Economical feasability

5. Requirements Collection and Analysis
Systems definition
Data dictionary
Metadata
Requirements Collection and Analysis
identifying management information requirements,
determining information requirements by functional area,
and establishing hardware and software requirements

6. Database Design
Conceptual design
Logical design
Physical design

7. DBMS Selection Costs Features and Tools Underlying model Portability
DBMS hardware requirements

8. Application design
Application program design
User Interface design

9. Prototyping Develop the working model Build the prototype Use and Test
Review the
Decision
Abandon
application
Implement
Application
Redevelop
Begin new

10. Implementation
The physical realisation of the database and application designs
the detailed model is converted to the appropriate implementation model, the data dictionary is built, the database is populated, application programs are developed and users are trained

11. Data Conversion and Loading & Testing
Transferring any existing data into the new database and converting any existing applications to run on the new database
Finding errors

12. Database Evaluation
Interviewing and polling users to determine whether any data needs are unmet.

13. Operational maintenance
preventive maintenance (backup)
corrective maintenance (recovery)1
adaptive maintenance
assignment of access
regular monitoring & periodical check up

14. Data & Database administration
Data administration is the management of the data resources
Database administration is the management of physical realisation of the database application

15. Database design methodology
A structured approach that uses procedures, techniques, tools, and documentation aids to support and facilitate the process of design.
Conceptual database design
Logical database design
Physical database design

16. Entity, Attribute, Relationship
Client
Name
Address
Postcode
Passport
Passport No
Exp.Data
Relationship
Itinerary
Date
City
Contact

17. Conceptual Design Phase

18. Basic relationships One-to-One One-to-many Many to many Trainer Track
HUSBAND
WIFE
is married to
TRACK
PARTICIPANTS
belongs to
has
holds
Trainer
Track
is helds in

19. Logical design phase Conceptual E.A.R Model
1. REFINE THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL
Refined Conceptual Model
2.APPLY THE RULES OF NORMALIZATION
Logical
Data
Model

20. Refining the Conceptual model
Refine the attributes
example:
Synonyms
Hononyms

21. Physical Database Design
Logical Data Model
Logical Process Model
Track 01
Country TR
Database creation
Physical
CREATE DATABASE
Implementation
CREATE TABLE
Process
LOAD

22. Critical Success Factors in Database Design
Work interactively with the users as much as possible.
Follow a structured methodology throughout the data modelling process.
Incorporate structural and integrity considerations into the data models.
Combine conceptualisation, normalisation, and transaction validation techniques into the data modelling methodology.

23. Exercise (Conceptual design)
Create a conceptual E.A.R model of the database for the following lists. (List up the necessary
DATA ITEMS, set up ENTITIES and their ATTRIBUTES, and identify the relationship among
the entities )
List 1
Track No: 1 Track name: Managing information using Database
Participant
code
Participant
name
Age
Position
Country
Address
List 1 is the list of participants’ information by track
List 2
Country code
Country name
Participant code
Participant name
Track name
List 2 is the list of participants’ information by countries

24. Answer
Just
one
One or
many
Zero one or many
Just one

25. Exercise: Primary and Foreign Key
Please identify primary and foreign key.
Participant
code
Participant
name
Age
Position
Address
Country code
Participant
code
Country code
Country name
Track code
Track name
Primary key
Foreign key

26. Answer Participant code Participant name Age Position Address
Country code
Participant
code
Track code
Track name
Country code
Country name