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Tajweed: Types of Madd Al-Madd: The Extension of the Vowels
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Al-Madd (المد) Literally: “to lengthen” or “to prolong” In Tajweed:
“ extending of the sound of a vowel letter”
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Vowel Letters (حروف المد)
ا Alif و Waaw ي Yaa
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Types of Madd Al Madd ut Tabee- Normal Al Madd ul Lazim- Mandatory
Al Madd ul Muttasil- Connected Al Madd ul Munfasil- Disconnected Madd us Silah- Joining Al Madd ul Aarid Lissukoon- Dependent on Sukoon Madd ul Badal Madd ul Iwad
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1. Madd ut Tabee (المد الطبيعي)- Normal Extension
It happens when vowel is not followed by Hamzah/Sukoon الْحَمْدُ لِلَّـهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ Vowel is held for two counts, which can be measured by saying "one, two" at your own pace
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بِسْمِ اللَّـهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّـهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿٢﴾ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿٣﴾ مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ ﴿٤﴾ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ ﴿٥﴾ اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ ﴿٦﴾ صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ ﴿٧﴾
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2. Al-Madd-ul-Lazim (المد اللازم) – Mandatory Extension
Takes place in two cases: 1. When the vowel is followed by a letter with shaddah صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ 2. When the vowel is followed by sukoon in a way that comes in the beginning of the suwar الم ﴿١﴾ ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ
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3. Al-Madd-ul-Muttasil (المد المتصل) – Connected Extension
It occurs when vowel is followed by hamzah in the same word سَأَلَ سَائِلٌ بِعَذَابٍ وَاقِعٍ كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا هَنِيئًا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ Cumpulsary , but the reciter can either prolong it for four, five, or six counts by choice (appx 2, 2.5, or 3 seconds) at ALL recitation periods
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4. Al-Madd-ul-Munfasil (المد المنفصل) – Disconnected Extension
It occurs when the vowel is the last letter of a words, and followed by hamzah on the first letter in the following word قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ لَا أَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ Optional, leaving two choices: 1. Prolong vowel for 4, 5 or 6 counts or 2. Treat it as Madd Tabee and extend vowel for only 2 counts
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بِسْمِ اللَّـهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ ﴿١﴾ لَا أَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ ﴿٢﴾ وَلَا أَنتُمْ عَابِدُونَ مَا أَعْبُدُ ﴿٣﴾ وَلَا أَنَا عَابِدٌ مَّا عَبَدتُّمْ ﴿٤﴾ وَلَا أَنتُمْ عَابِدُونَ مَا أَعْبُدُ ﴿٥﴾ لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِيَ دِينِ ﴿٦﴾
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STUDY QUESTIONS What is Madd?
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STUDY QUESTIONS List four types of Madd
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What are the letters of Madd?
STUDY QUESTIONS What are the letters of Madd?
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وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّـهِ أَفْوَاجًا
Name the Madd وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّـهِ أَفْوَاجًا
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تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ
Name the Madd تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ
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إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْوَاقِعَةُ
Name the Madd إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْوَاقِعَةُ
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وَالصَّافَّاتِ صَفًّا
Name the Madd وَالصَّافَّاتِ صَفًّا
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إِنَّا زَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِزِينَةٍ الْكَوَاكِبِ
Name the Madd إِنَّا زَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِزِينَةٍ الْكَوَاكِبِ
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ص ۚ وَالْقُرْآنِ ذِي الذِّكْرِ
Name the Madd ص ۚ وَالْقُرْآنِ ذِي الذِّكْرِ
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أَمْ عِندَهُمْ خَزَائِنُ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّكَ الْعَزِيزِ الْوَهَّابِ
Name the Madd أَمْ عِندَهُمْ خَزَائِنُ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّكَ الْعَزِيزِ الْوَهَّابِ
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الم ﴿١﴾ غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ
Name the Madd الم ﴿١﴾ غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ
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شكرا ABDUL VAHAB HUDAWI
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