1. The Respiratory System
13.6

2. Introduction to the Respiratory System
Respiration is breathing
Breathing is necessary to supply life giving oxygen to each cell in the body and to remove the waste products of each cell
The cell’s gaseous waste product is called carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen enters the body when air is pulled in through the mouth and nose.
This process is called inspiration/ inhalation

3. Introduction to the Respiratory System
Expiration/ exhalation occurs when the body forces air out of the lungs
This is the body’s way of eliminating the cells’ gaseous waste (carbon dioxide)

4. Structures of the Respiratory System

5. Structures of the Respiratory System
The nasal cavity- is where air enters the body.
The nasal cavity is the preferred passage for air to enter the body.
The nasal lining helps stop dust particles and pathogens.
If dust of pathogens enter the lungs, the chance for infection is increased.

6. Structures of the Respiratory System
Para-nasal sinuses- mucus lined cavities in the bones of the face, connected by passageways to the nose, which helps to warm and moisten inhaled air.
When drainage from the sinuses is blocked they can become infected.
The oral airway- is where the air enters the body when the nasal passage is blocked or when a person breathes through the mouth

7. Structures of the Respiratory System
Pharynx- is the passageway that air enters after leaving the nose and mouth
Epiglottis- a flap that closes when food or water is swallowed.
When it closes, it covers the opening of the trachea that leads to the lungs.
This prevents food and water from entering the lungs
Larynx- located just below the epiglottis. It is a pouch containing a cord-like framework that creates voice sounds

8. Structures of the Respiratory System
Trachea- the passageway between the pharynx and the lungs
Bronchi- air passageways that connect to the trachea.
The trachea divides into two main branches, the bronchial tubes that lead into the right and left lung.
The bronchial tubes are lined with hair-like objects called cilia.
The cilia help move mucus , which catches dust and pathogens up and out of the lungs.

9. Structures of the Respiratory System
Bronchioles- the smallest subdivisions of the bronchi
Alveoli- air sacs at the end of the of each bronchiole.
The alveoli are covered with capillaries that absorb oxygen into the blood.
Carbon dioxide is forced out of the blood into the alveoli.
Once the carbon dioxide is has been released into the alveoli, it can be exhaled from the body.

10. Structures of the Respiratory System
Diaphragm- the muscular wall that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.
To begin inspiration, the diaphragm moves down, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs.
When the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward again, air is exhaled from the lungs.

11. Flow of OxygenThrough the Body

12. Common Disorders of the Respiratory System

13. Common Disorders of the Respiratory System

14. Common Disorders of the Respiratory System

15. Medical Terminology

16. Jobs and Professions Pulmonologist Respiratory Therapist
Thoracic Surgeon
Pulmonary Technician
Oxygen Technician
Otorhinolaryngologist
Otologist

17. Sources
Badasch, S. A., & Chesebro, D. S. (2011). Asepsis and Standard Precautions. In Health Science Fundamentals: Exploring Career Pathways (1st ed., Revised , pp ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.