1. The Great War and the Interwar Years From 1918 to 1939

2. Women after WWI
Due to significance of women’s groups helping to support the war through work and education, many women demand more freedoms throughout the world.
-Many nations grant Women’s Suffrage (right to vote)
-Women begin to play a larger role in politics and social movements

3. After World War I…
Totalitarianism spreads to some nations (e.g. Italy, Germany, Japan, Russia).
Japanese Militarism increases in Asia
Fascism: Belief that Society is more important than the individual
Independence Movements after WWI:
-Gandhi = India
-Mao Zedong = China
-Haile Selassie = Ethiopia

5. Great Depression Over-abundance of Food  Low prices for food
Loans to foreign nations are not repaid on time  Animosity between nations increases
People lose their jobs leading to a cycle of job loss that is hard to break
Job lost  Spend less  Business receive less $  Lay off workers  Job loss

6. Pre-WWII Japan Leader = Emperor Hirohito
Government = Military Dictatorship (Fascist)
Invades China to strengthen nation [following the West’s example]
Nanjing Massacre: Thousands of Chinese tortured/raped/executed in former capitol of China

7. Pre-WWII Italy Leader = Benito Mussolini
Government = Military Dictatorship (Fascist)
Invades Ethiopia [positioned between two Italian colonies] in 1935
Strengthened Military might

8. Pre-WWII Germany Leader = Adolf Hitler
Government = Socialist Dictatorship
Nuremberg Laws (1935): Forced Jewish people to live in Ghettos, heavy taxes, punished for religion, scapegoat
Kristallnacht (1938): “Night of Broken Glass”; Hundreds killed; thousands brought to prison/camps; businesses and home broken into and robbed.

9. Pre-WWII Russia Leader = Josef [Joseph] Stalin
Government= Communist Dictatorship
Gulags: Forced enemies of the government into work-camps (gulags). Many are worked to death
Although Hitler and Stalin hate each other, they sign a Nonaggression pact, stating they would not attack one another (cut a deal to split up Poland)