1. Happy Tuesday! – 2/3
Which of these correctly summarizes the pathway taken by the genetic code during protein synthesis?
A DNA  mRNA  chromosome  tRNA  protein
B DNA  tRNA  ribosome  mRNA  protein
C DNA  mRNA  ribosome  tRNA  protein
D DNA  tRNA  chromosome  mRNA  protein

2. Review Time!!

3. What process is cell growth and division?
Cell Cycle

4. What are the two phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase and Mitosis

5. What is the longest phase in the cell cycle?
Interphase

6. What are the phases of interphase?
G1, S, G2

7. What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

8. During what phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase

9. During what phase does the nuclear envelope disappears, DNA condenses into chromosomes, and centrioles start to move toward opposite poles?
Prophase

10. During what phase does the nuclear envelope reappears, DNA unwinds, and cleavage furrow appears?
Telophase

11. During what phase do chromosomes move away toward opposite poles?
Anaphase

12. What phase produces two identical daughter cells?
Cytokinesis

13. What cell organelle is responsible for moving chromosomes during mitosis?
Spindle fibers

14. What is uncontrolled cell growth called?
Cancer

15. In what phase of the cell cycle is DNA repaired?
S phase of interphase

16. What is phase of the cell cycle is shown?
Anaphase

17. What is phase of the cell cycle is shown?
Telophase

18. What is phase of the cell cycle is shown?
Metaphase

19. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

20. DNA holds the instructions for making ______.
proteins

21. What cell organelle makes proteins?
Ribosomes

22. Why can’t DNA take the instructions for making proteins straight to ribosome?
DNA is too big to leave nucleus, and ribosomes are found out in the cytoplasm.

23. Who makes a copy of DNA’S instructions and carries them to ribosomes?
mRNA

24. What is the process of making copies of DNA called?
Replication

25. What four nitrogen bases are found in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

26. What amino acid is coded by CCU?
Proline

27. What amino acid is coded by GAC?
Aspartic Acid

28. What are the base pairing rules in DNA?
A – T (Adenine – Thymine) G – C (Guanine – Cytosine)

29. What are the repeating subunits in DNA called?
Nucleotides

30. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogen Base

31. What parts of the nucleotide make up the backbone?
Phosphate, Sugar

32. What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose

33. What sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose

34. What part of DNA holds the genetic code?
Sequence of nitrogen bases
Protein

35. Where are the hydrogen bonds in DNA found?
Between the nitrogen bases

36. Why is it important that the hydrogen bonds are weak?
The two DNA strands must be pulled apart exposing nitrogen bases so the DNA can be replicated before cell division.

37. What is the process of going from DNA to mRNA called?
Transcription

38. What nitrogen base is found in RNA but not DNA?
Uracil

39. What nitrogen bases does uracil replace in RNA?
Thymine

40. What are the base pairing rules in RNA?
A – U (Adenine – Uracil) G – C (Guanine – Cytosine)

41. What is the process of going from mRNA to proteins called?
Translation

42. In a DNA sequence, there is 20% adenine. How much guanine is there?
30%

43. Even Sophie knows what makes her unique!! 