1. Ch. 15 section 4 Hoover (R) v. Roosevelt (D)
The election of 1932
Ch. 15 section 4 Hoover (R) v. Roosevelt (D)

2. The Main Idea
As the Depression worsened, people blamed Hoover and the Republicans for their misery. The presidential election brought a sweeping victory for Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt and profound changes in the role of government
How did Pres. Hoover respond to the Great Depression?
What did Roosevelt mean when he offered Americans a “new deal”?
Why was the election of 1932 a significant turning point for American politics?

3. KEY TERMS
Hawley-Smoot Tariff = The highest import tax in U.S. history. This tariff backfired because other countries could not sell things in the U.S. because of the tax from the tariff. In response, other countries raised their tariffs on American goods, which lead to a slowdown of international trade.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) = gave government loans to large industries such as railroad and insurance companies. The RFC also lent money to banks so they could lend out money to American businesses and people.
Bonus Army = WWI veterans who wanted their pension now, instead of when it was promised in The house of reps voted yes, the Senate voted no. The veterans rioted in Washington D.C. Hoover called in the Army to clear out the Bonus Army. Gen. MacArthur ordered the Army to remove those protesting. This lead to a riot with veterans fighting against active duty troops.

4. Making Comparisons. – Complete the Chart Which one do you think is better for our country?
Herbert Hoover –
Ideas on Government
Franklin D. Roosevelt – Ideas on Government
Believed in minimal government.
Strict view of government (less government is better)
Willing to experiment with government roles.
Supported broadening the role of government.

5. Making Comparisons to Today… Which one do you agree with today?
2012 Republican ideas on Government.
2012 Democratic ides on Government.
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6. “I Blame Hoover!”
Hoover and the GOP believe that by doing nothing the economy will fix itself.
In order to save farm jobs and keep food prices stable he enacts the Agricultural Marketing Act in 1929…it does not work at all.
1930 midterm elections the GOP get their butts kicked and loose the House and hold on to the Senate by 1.
In a desperate attempt to save the GOP from complete disaster in 1932 Hoover backs off of laissez-faire and starts to expand the role of the federal government.
To create jobs ASAP – Hoover backs democrat plans to spend tax $ on random building projects around the country – such as schools, roads, parks, and dams – the Hoover Dam.
Set up the R.F.C.

7. Nice Try Hoover, but……….you still suck!
Congress and Hoover supported the Home Loan Bank Act which lowered interest rates on mortgages so people could keep their homes and farms.
Most people saw the R.F.C. as a bail-out for the banks and for the top 1% of society.
Read top of page 526.
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8. A NEW DEAL! “I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”
Married to his cousin – Eleanor Roosevelt – who was a niece of Teddy Roosevelt (the man). Being related to TR makes Eleanor “the woman”.
FDR was governor of New York and believed that the role of government was to help people.
“This campaign is more than a contest between two men…It is a contest between two philosophies of government.” –Hoover 1932
“Private economic power is a public trust…” – FDR 1932
In your own words, what is FDR advocating for?

9. Answer the Following Questions…
How did President Hoover hope to end the Great Depression? Was his policy right or wrong?
Describe FDR’s appeal to the average American voter in 1932?
Do you think the criticisms of Hoover were justified, or might the Depression have brought failure for any president? What could Hoover have done to save his job and the Republican majority in Congress in 1932?
What did FDR mean by this quote during his inaugural speech– “So first of all let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”