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Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor- kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells  L. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Yang,

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Presentation on theme: "Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor- kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells  L. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Yang,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor- kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells  L. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Yang, Y. Dong, Y. Zhang, Z. Xie  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 110, Pages i82-i91 (June 2013) DOI: /bja/aet115 Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 Isoflurane increases IL-6 in H4 cells. (a) Isoflurane (lanes 4–6) increases IL-6 levels compared with control (lanes 1–3) normalized to β-actin. IL, interleukin. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 Isoflurane increases nuclear NF-κB levels and the transcription binding activity of NF-κB. (a) Isoflurane (lanes 4–6) increases NF-κB levels in nuclear extracts from H4 cells relative to control (lanes 1–3). (b) Isoflurane does not change total NF-κB levels in H4 cells. (c) Isoflurane enhances the transcription binding activity of NF-κB in H4 cells. (d) Isoflurane enhances the transcription binding activity of NF-κB in microglia from mice. PDTC attenuates the isoflurane-induced enhancement of the transcription binding activity of NF-κB in mouse microglia. (e) Isoflurane does not enhance the transcription binding activity of NF-κB in primary neurones from mice. NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 PDTC attenuates isoflurane-induced increases in the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 in H4 cells. (a) Isoflurane increases IL-6 mRNA level in the H4 cells, and PDTC attenuates this increase. (b) Isoflurane increases protein levels of IL-6, and PDTC attenuates this increase. (c) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that PDTC attenuates the isoflurane-induced increase in the protein levels of IL-6. IL, interleukin; PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (n=9). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

5 Fig 4 PDTC attenuates the isoflurane-induced changes in NF-κB in H4 cells. (a) Isoflurane increases nuclear levels of NF-κB, and PDTC attenuates the increase. (b) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that PDTC attenuates the isoflurane-induced increase in nuclear NF-κB levels. (c) PDTC does not alter total NF-κB levels. (d) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that PDTC does not alter total NF-κB levels. (e) PDTC inhibits the isoflurane-induced activation of the transcription binding activity of NF-κB. PTDC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B (n=9); LPS, lipopolysaccharide. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

6 Fig 5 Sevoflurane increases IL-6 levels in H4 cells. (a) Sevoflurane treatment (lanes 4–6) increases IL-6 levels. (b) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that sevoflurane increases IL-6 levels. IL, interleukin (n=9). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

7 Fig 6 Sevoflurane increases nuclear NF-κB levels and the transcription binding activity of NF-κB in H4 cells. (a) Sevoflurane treatment (lanes 4–6) increases NF-κB levels in nuclear extracts. (b) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that sevoflurane increases NF-κB levels in nuclear extracts. (c) Sevoflurane does not change total NF-κB levels. (d) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that sevoflurane does not change total NF-κB levels. (e) Sevoflurane enhances the transcription binding activity of NF-κB, and PDTC attenuates the sevoflurane-induced enhancement of the transcription binding activity of NF-κB. NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (n=9). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

8 Fig 7 2-DG reduces the isoflurane-induced increase of IL-6 in H4 cells. (a) 2-DG attenuates the isoflurane-induced increase in IL-6 levels. (b) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that 2-DG attenuates the isoflurane-induced increase in IL-6 levels. 2-DG, 2-deoxy-d-glucose; IL, interleukin (n=9). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

9 Fig 8 2-DG reduces the isoflurane-induced increases in nuclear levels of NF-κB in H4 cells. (a) 2-DG inhibits the isoflurane-induced increase in nuclear NF-κB. (b) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that 2-DG inhibits the isoflurane-induced increase in nuclear levels of NF-κB. (c) 2-DG does not alter total NF-κB levels. (d) Quantification of the immunoblots shows that 2-DG treatment does not alter total NF-κB levels. NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; 2-DG, 2-deoxy-d-glucose (n=9). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , i82-i91DOI: ( /bja/aet115) Copyright © 2013 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

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