1. The Five Features of a Civilization

2. Pneumonic Device Ants Can’t Take Slick Rice Advanced Cities
Complex Institutions (government, religion)
Take
Technology
Slick
Specialized workers
Rice
Record Keeping

3. Advanced Cities In order to be considered a city it must have:
1. Large population
2. Must be a center of TRADE

4. Complex Institutions
Institution – a long lasting pattern of organization in a community such as
Government
Religion
Economy

5. Technology
New tools and techniques that solve problems and make life easier
(1) Sickles, Hoes, Plow Sticks
(2) Irrigation systems
(3) Animal Power
(4) Wheel and Sail

6. (1) Pottery (Pottery wheel) (2) Metal working (Bronze)
New Skills Developed
(1) Pottery (Pottery wheel)
(2) Metal working (Bronze)
(3) Cloth weaving
(4) Writing (Cuneiform)

7. Specialized Workers
Specialized means someone has the skills to do a specific kind of work

8. Record Keeping
Must have a developed system of writing so the people can:
Record business
Write a set of laws
Priests can record rituals and dates
Cuneiform

9. Civilization Emerges in Ur
City on the banks of the Euphrates River
30,000 lived there
Social Classes
Jewelry, instruments, dagger produced

10. Agriculture Economy Irrigation ditches built Ox driven plows
Dirt roads
Houses made of mud bricks
Small windowless houses
Surplus of food leads to other professions
Bronze age emerges
Walls built

11. Trade and Religion Barter system Merchants in streets
Cuneiform used to keep records
Temple was most important building
Ziggurat – pyramid shaped monument in center of temple
Priests would perform rituals at top
Believed in afterlife

12. Ziggurat