1. Chapter 8 Primate Behavior

2. Semi-free-ranging environment
Studying Primates
Captive study
Semi-free-ranging environment
Field study

3. The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior
Proximate causes: hormonal or physiological reason to act
Deeper, evolved strategies: shaped over millions of years of natural and sexual selection

4. The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior (cont’d)
Social Behavior and Reproductive Asymmetry
Female philopatry
Male philopatry

5. Philopatry Female Philopatry the most common form.
Male Philopatry found among Chimps and Bonobos.

6. The Evolution of Primate Social Behavior (cont’d)
Male Reproductive Strategies
Dominance
Female Reproductive Strategies
Sexual Receptivity signals

7. Why are Nonhuman Primates Social?
The Paradox of Sociality
Access to Mates
Food
Avoiding Predators

8. Why are Nonhuman Primates Social? (cont’d)
Types of Nonhuman Primate Societies
Solitary
Monogamy
Polygyny
One-male
Multimale
Fission-Fusion Polygyny
Polyandry