1. Periodic table terms

2. Shape of the table
A result of the pattern of electron configuration

3. Period Horizontal row on the periodic table
elements in the same period share the same highest energy level
as you move across a period the properties change drastically

4. Group (AKA family) Vertical column on the periodic table
Share the same number of valence electrons & often share similar properties

5. Memorize names of 4 families
Group 1 – Alkali metals
Group 2 – Alkaline earth metals
Group 17 (7A) – Halogens
Group 18 (8A) – Noble gases
D block (groups 3-12) Transition metals

6. Inert Unreactive or non-reactive
The noble gases are the only family that is inert.

7. Energy level
The highest energy level orbital that electrons occupy in that atom.
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d8
For example, elements in row 4 has valence (outermost) electrons in the 4th energy level

8. Valence electron Electrons in the outermost
(highest) energy level of the atom.
1s22s22p2
The number of valence electrons is indicated by the number at the top of the column for example, the 2A group has 2 valence electrons.

9. Periodic Law
elements are grouped with similar properties if they are arranged according to atomic numbers

10. Diatomic Molecules made of 2 atoms.
Some elements (H,N,O,F,Cl,Br,I) do NOT exist as individual atoms but are paired with another atom of that same element.

11. Ionization energy
The amount of energy required to remove a valance electron
Higher in small atoms

12. Electronegativity The attraction for an electron in a bond
Higher in small atoms