1. Oral Reading and the Development of Early Reading Ability
By Dr. Hu-Ling Huang

2. Oral Language & Reading
The base of reading
Our children do not have English oral language
Thus, our English reading development is different from native speakers

3. English reading ability includes:
Phoneme awareness (early reading)‏
Phonological awareness (on-set, rime, syllable awareness)‏
Vocabulary knowledge (automaticity)
Grammatical skills (word orders, sentence patterns)‏
Listening comprehension (advanced reading)‏

4. The influence of Chinese
morpheme (語素) is predictor of reading ability in Chinese
Visual vs. auditory
注音 拼音 (good influence on English phoneme )‏
Visual skills was the best predictor of Chinese reading ability (Huang & Hanley, 1995)‏

5. Chinese Vs. English Learning to read English depends on
phonological skill,
learning to read Chinese may depend more on the ability to make appropriate visual distinctions than on phonological skills.
(Huang & Hanley, 1995)‏

6. Chinese Vs. English?
A child with excellent visual memory skills is therefore likely to have a significant advantage when he or she learns to read Chinese characters.
For English reading, the most important type of visual skill that is involved in learning to read English may be orthographic (spelling)‏
rather than pictorial or logographic (Frith, 1985; Morton, 1989).

7. We can… Utilize the interdependence of 注音 and phonological awareness
Utilize visual memory to support recognizing orthographic of English
(sight words, automaticity)‏

8. A reading block: oral reading
Being able to inscribe invisible spoken features (intonation, tone, ) to the text is a key to reading comprehension.

9. What is oral reading? Read aloud texts
Being able to segment reading a text into semantic units according to syntactic rules and register them with appropriate prosodic features of the spoken language is an additional and crucial characteristic of proficient readers.

10. The Invisible Pause A. The gentle light colors the sky pink.
B. The gentle light colors pleased her
mother.

11. The large stone blocks the road.
The large stone blocks are on the table.

12. Quotation vs. Direct Remarks.
Question one was “What’s the capital of Australia?”
‘This is easy,’ I thought, so I wrote ‘Sydney.’ Then when I got home I looked in a book. ‘Australia’ it said, ‘Capital: Canberra’ ‘Oh no,’ I thought. ‘Failed again!’

13. Oral Reading & Reading Comprehension
A positive correlation between oral reading fluency and reading comprehension.

14. Read to them before they can read themselves:
Oral language is modelled by adults.
Children build:
listening skills, vocabulary, memory and language skills.
Formulaic language

15. The Elements of Oral Reading
1. Phrasing (meaningful units)‏
2. Pausing (syntax)‏
3. pronunciation
4. expressiveness

16. Steps to oral reading fluency
1. auditory input
audio books, on-line clips
Frog and Toad storieshttp://
Bookflix: Scholastic books.
Youtube free clips:
(caterpillar)
(crocodile’s toothache)
(Are you my mother?)
2. imitation
(Fox in Sox)

17. Formulaic language : Repetitive sounds, phrases, and sentences ....
Nursery rhymes repeat sound patterns, and
Easy-to-read books repeat sentence patterns.
Picture books describe the same events twice (words and pictures).

18. Q & A
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