1. born in 1856 on the Burroughs tobacco farm
before 1865, went to school in Franklin County - not as a student, but to carry books for one of James Burroughs's daughters. After 1865 took a job in a salt mine that began at 4 a.m. so he could attend school later in the day.
1881 as principal and guiding force behind Tuskegee Institute
"There was no period of my life that was devoted to play,.From the time that I can remember anything, almost everyday of my life has been occupied in some kind of labor."
Critics charged that his conservative approach undermined the quest for racial equality. "
died at age 59.
UP FROM SLAVERY

2. W. E. B. Dubois Sociologist, Author & Civil Rights Leader 1868 -1963
born on February 23, 1868, Massachusetts.
shared in the founding of the NAACP in 1909.
editor of its "Crisis" until 1934.
first African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1896.
In 1961 Dubois became completely disillusioned with the United States. He moved to Ghana, joined the Communist Party, and a year later renounced his American citizenship . On August 27, 1963, on the eve of the March On Washington, Dubois died in Accra, Ghana, shortly after becoming a Ghanaian citizen.
The Souls of Black Folk— remains his most studied and popular work. Largely autobiographical chapters take the reader through the momentous and moody maze of Afro-American life after the Emancipation Proclamation: from poverty, the neoslavery of the sharecropper, to the heights of humanity reached by the spiritual "sorrow songs" that birthed gospel and the blues.
W. E. B. Dubois
The Souls of Black FolkFolk

3. Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)
a teacher, journalist and activist known for her courageous anti-lynching editorials and speeches.
Memphis newspaper office destroyed by a white mob
took her protests around the nation, to Europe and eventually to the White House.
a founding member of the NAACP.
Ida B. Wells-Barnett
The Red Record

4. Marcus Garvey( )
Black Nationalist
Pan-Africanist
Black Nationalism
youngest of 11 children
Born in Jamaica
1914 organized the Universal Negro Improvement Association
published the newspaper The Negro World
launched some ambitious business ventures, notably the Black Star Shipping Line
convicted of mail fraud
deported