1. Classic or Pitch?
Oral
Presentations
Grażyna Budzinska,

2. Oral Presentations -

3. Planning a Presentation

4. Planning and Preparing https://www. youtube. com/watch

5. The Three-Step Process3 1 2
Analyze the Situation
Gather Information
Choose the Medium
Get Organized
Revise Message
Master Delivery
Prepare to Speak
Overcome Anxiety
Adapt to
the Audience
Compose the
Presentation
Plan
Write
Complete

6. Analyze the Situation Purpose Audience Location
Analyzing the situation involves defining your purpose, developing an audience profile, and considering the circumstances.
The purpose of most of your presentations will be to inform or to persuade, although you may occasionally need to make a collaborative presentation, such as when you're leading a problem-solving or brainstorming session.
The more you know about your audience, their needs, and their expectations, the more effectively you’ll communicate with them. Try to anticipate their likely emotional state and determine if they’re comfortable listening to the language speak.
In addition, consider the circumstances (location) in which you’ll be presenting. Is the audience in the room or online? How many people will be present, and how will they be seated? Can you control the environment to minimize distractions? What equipment will you need? Such variables can influence not only the style of your presentation but also its content.

7. Audience Mindsets Audience Attitudes Supportive Uninterested Hostile
Interested-Neutral
Apprehensive
Audience Attitudes
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Chapter 16 -

8. Assess the Environment
Classroom or Theater
Conference Table
Horseshoe or “U” Shape
Café Style Seating

9. Select the Medium
Online
Face-to-Face

10. Organize the Presentation
Main Idea
Scope
Approach
Content
Organizing a presentation is similar to organizing a written message:
When you’re defining your main idea, focus on the needs of your audience and use the “you” attitude. If you can’t express your main idea in one sentence, then you probably have not defined it clearly enough.
Limiting the scope is important for two reasons. First, for most presentations, you must work within strict time limits. Second, the longer you speak, the harder it is to hold the audience’s attention, and the more difficult it is for your audience to retain your key points.
If you have 10 minutes or less, organize your message much as you would any other brief message. Use the direct approach if the subject involves routine information or good news; use the indirect approach if the message involves bad news or persuasion. Longer presentations are organized like reports, using the direct or indirect approach as the situation and content dictate.
In addition, look for opportunities to integrate storytelling into the structure of your presentation. The dramatic tension (not knowing what will happen to the “hero”) at the heart of effective storytelling is a great way to capture and keep the audience’s attention.

11. Prepare the Outline State purpose and main idea
Organize points and sub-points
Identify major points throughout
Plan transitions between sections
Prepare bibliography and sources
Choose a compelling title

12. Developing a Presentation

13. Control Participation
Adapt to the Audience
Small Groups
Large Audiences
Casual Style
Elicit Participation
Simple Visuals
Formal Style
Control Participation
Multimedia
Your audience’s size, your subject, your purpose, your budget, and the time available for preparation all influence the style of your presentation.
If you’re speaking to a small group, particularly people you already know, you can use a casual style to encourage their participation. A small conference room, with your audience seated around a table, may be appropriate. Use simple visuals and invite your audience to interject comments. Deliver your remarks in a conversational tone, using notes to jog your memory if necessary.
If you’re addressing a large audience or if the event is important, establish a more formal atmosphere. During formal presentations, speakers are often on a stage or platform, standing behind a lectern and using a microphone so that their remarks can be heard throughout the room or captured for broadcasting or webcasting.

14. The Presentation
Introduction
The Body
The Close

15. The Introduction Get the Audience’s Attention Build Your Credibility
Preview Your Message
A good introduction arouses the audience’s interest in your topic, establishes your credibility, and prepares the audience for what will follow.
Arousing Audience Interest. If your audience members aren’t already interested in your subject, your introduction needs to grab their attention. Try the following techniques: uniting around a common goal, telling a story, passing around samples or other objects, asking a question, sharing a startling statistic, and using humor.
Building Your Credibility. Establishing your credibility quickly is vital. If you’re not a well-known expert or haven’t already earned your audience’s trust in other situations, build credibility in your introduction.
Previewing Your Message. A good introduction gives your listeners a preview of what’s ahead. Summarize the main idea of your presentation, identify major supporting points, and indicate the order in which you’ll develop those points. 15

16. Presentation Body Present the Main Points Connect Your Ideas
Keep the Audience’s Attention
The bulk of your speech or presentation is devoted to a discussion of the main supporting points in your outline.
Connecting Your Ideas. In written documents, you can show how ideas are related with a variety of design clues: headings, paragraphs, white space, and lists. However, with oral communication—particularly when you aren’t using visuals for support—you have to rely primarily on spoken words to link various parts and ideas. When you shift topics, stress the connection between ideas by summarizing what’s been said and previewing what’s to come.
Holding Your Audience’s Attention. A successful introduction will have grabbed your audience’s attention; now the body of your presentation needs to hold that attention. Here are a few tips for keeping the audience tuned into your message:
Keep relating your subject to your audience’s needs.
Anticipate—and answer—your audience’s questions as you move along.
Explain the relationship between your subject and familiar ideas.
Ask for opinions or pause occasionally for comments or questions.
Illustrate your ideas with visuals.

17. Presentation Close Deliver a Clear Summary Restate Your Main Points
End on a Confident Note

18. Delivering a Presentation

19. Practice Your Delivery
Your Style
The Equipment
Your Knowledge
Your Timing
Pronunciation
Questions

20. Overcome Anxiety Audience Topic Occasion
Remember that nervousness is an indication that you care about your audience, your topic, and the occasion. The next two slides present some techniques that you can use to convert anxiety into positive energy.

21. Develop Positive Energy
Don’t worry about being perfect
Prepare additional material
Practice and visualize success
Focus on audience and message
Have your opening line ready
Maintain eye contact with audience
Stop worrying about being perfect. Instead, focus on audience connection
Prepare more material than necessary, to reduce your anxiety
Practice your material to build your confidence
Visualize your successful presentation
Remember to breathe to stay calm and confident
Be ready with your opening line

22. Speaking Confidently The Start Your Posture Tone of Voice Preparation
Nonverbal Cues

23. Body Language https://www. youtube. com/watch
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24. Respond to Questions
Honest Answers
Self-Control
Conclusion

25. Inspire https://www. youtube. com/watch
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26. Summary of Discussion
Sources: Business communication Today, Bovee and Thill
Internet sorces stated above