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Medicine & Medical Assisting
Chapter 1 Medicine & Medical Assisting Chapter 1: Medicine and Medical Assisting Comprehensive Medical Assisting, 3rd Ed Unit One: Understanding the Profession
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Overview This presentation will discuss: History of Medicine
American Health Care System Medical Assisting Profession Medical Assisting Education Medical Assisting Associations Employment Opportunities This presentation will discuss: The history of medicine, the American health care system, aspects of the medical assisting profession, medical assisting education, medical assisting associations, and employment opportunities.
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Advances in sanitation and public health
History of Medicine Ancient Medical History Egyptians Greeks Romans Followers of Aesculapius used massage and exercise Hippocrates introduced standards and science Galen documented the pulse and pioneered anatomical dissection on apes and swine In ancient medical history, Egyptians would perform surgery and splitting, use herbal medications (which still contribute to medicine today), and received religious support for sound hygienic practices. Greek followers of Aesculapius (es-kyuh-ley’-pee-uhs) used massage and exercise, Hippocrates introduced standards and science, and Galen documented the pulse and pioneered anatomical dissection on apes and swine. In ancient Roman history, there were many advances in sanitation and public health. Advances in sanitation and public health Perform surgery and splitting Herbal medications Religious support for sound hygienic practices
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History of Medicine Modern Medical History
FIELD FAMOUS CONTRIBUTORS Anatomy Andreas Vesalius, William Harvey Microscopy Anton von Leeuwenhoek Surgery John Hunter Vaccination Edward Jenner Psychiatry Benjamin Rush Bacteriology & Antisepsis Louis Pasteur, Ignaz Semmelweis, Joseph Lister Antibiotics Alexander Fleming Radiology Wilhelm Roentgen Here is a list of famous contributors to various fields in modern medical history: Anatomy: Andreas Vesalius (vi-sey’-lee-uhs) and William Harvey; Microscopy (mahy-kros’-kuh-pee) : Anton von Leeuwenhoek (ley’-vuhn-hook); Surgery: John Hunter; Vaccination: Edward Jenner; Psychiatry: Benjamin Rush; Bacteriology & Antisepsis: Louis Pasteur, Ignaz Semmelweis (zem’-uhl-vahys), and Joseph Lister; Antibiotics: Alexander Fleming; Radiology: Wilhelm Roentgen (rent’-guhn); Vaccines: Jonas Salk and Albert Sabine (sey’-bahyn). Women in Medicine: Florence Nightingale (a pioneering nurse), Elizabeth Blackwell (the first American woman physician), Clara Barton (founder of the Red Cross), and Marie Curie (noted physicist and chemist). Vaccines Jonas Salk, Albert Sabine CONTRIBUTION WOMEN IN SCIENCE Pioneering Nurse Florence Nightingale First American woman physician Elizabeth Blackwell Founder of the Red Cross Clara Barton Physicist and Chemist Marie Curie
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History of Medicine Recent Medical History Public Health Radiology
Advances in Public Health Advances in Radiology Advances in Genetics Clean water Preventive medicine Health education CT Scan MRI PET Scan Cloning Genome sequencing In recent medical history, advances in Public Health include: Clean water, Preventive medicine, and Health education. Advances in Radiology include: CT scan, MRI, and PET scan. Advances in Genetics include: Cloning and Genome sequencing.
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Administrative Simplification
American Health Care System New Institutions and Relationships HMOs, driven by insurers Managed Care Medicare, Medicaid and the CMS Government Funding HIPAA Administrative Simplification Employers and health insurers created managed care networks like HMOs, and PPOs in an effort to contain spiraling costs. Government funding now provides Medicare, Medicaid, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Administrative concerns have been simplified through the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Advances in technology have enabled health care records to be stored and managed electronically. Software and computer systems Electronic Records & Record Management
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Assist with patient care Handle financial aspects
American Health Care System Recent Changes The Medical Office Providers Physicians PAs Nurses Private practice gives way to corporate ownership Outsourced or centralized systems and procedures Technology of the “paperless” office Expanding legal and insurance regulation Recent changes in the medical office include: Private practice gives way to corporate ownership, Use of outsourced or centralized systems and procedures, Implementation of technology reduces the user of paper, Expansion of legal and insurance regulation. These changes all require a more expert, better educated, formally certified staff. The organizational structure of the medical office can be categorized between Providers and Support Staff. Providers are physicians, PA’s, and nurses. The support staff includes the clinical staff who assist with patient care and the administrative staff who handle financial aspects. Support Staff Clinical Staff Assist with patient care Administrative Staff Handle financial aspects All the above require a more expert, better educated, formally certified staff
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American Health Care System
Medical Specialties Surgical Specialties Allergist Neurologist Anesthesiologist Obstetrician Cardiologist Oncologist Dermatologist Ophthalmologist Emergency physician Orthopedist Endocrinologist Otorhinolaryngologist Epidemiologist Pathologist Family practitioner Pediatrician Gastroenterologist Podiatrist Gerontologist Proctologist Gynecologist Psychiatrist Hematologist Radiologist Immunologist Rheumatologist Internist Surgeon Neonatologist Urologist Nephrologist Cardiovascular Orthopedic Cosmetic, reconstructive Thoracic General Trauma Maxillofacial Vascular Neurosurgery Here is a list of the various medical and surgical specialties that currently exist in the American Health Care System.
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Administrative Procedures
Medical Assisting Profession A medical assistant is a multi-skilled health professional who performs both administrative and clinical procedures Administrative Procedures Clinical Procedures A medical assistant is a multi-skilled health professional who performs both administrative and clinical procedures. Administrative procedures include making the office more efficient and sustaining business, patient service, and revenue. The clinical procedures that a medical assistant can perform are regulated at the state level. The medical assistant is supervised by the physician and can perform lab duties of low to moderate complexity. Make the office more efficient Sustain business, patient service, and revenue Scope regulated by state Supervised by physician-employer Can perform low- to moderate- complexity laboratory duties
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Medical Assisting Profession
Characteristics PROFESSIONAL ETHICAL STANDARDS INTERPERSONAL SKILLS Medical assistants are required to be professional. They must: Be dependable and punctual, Be mature, Have respect for confidentiality, Maintain a professional appearance or image, Be accurate. Medical assistants are also expected to uphold high ethical and moral standards. They must: Be responsible, Be honest, Have a positive self-image, and Take initative. Interpersonal skills are another key quality in successful medical assistants. They must be: Courteous, Empathetic, A team player, A good communicator, Tactful and diplomatic. Dependable and punctual Mature Respect for confidentiality Professional appearance or image Accurate Responsible Honest Positive self-image Takes initiative Courteous Empathetic Team player Good communicator Tactful and diplomatic
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Medical Assisting Profession
Members of the Health Care Team Allied Health Professionals (including Medical Assistants) Physicians Nurses (RN, LPN, CNA I, CNA II) Physician Assistants Members of the Health Care team include: Physicians Physician assistants Nurse practitioners Nurses Allied health professionals including medical assistants. Nurse Practitioners
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Medical Assisting Education
History of Medical Assisting 1900 1934 Dr. M. Mandl opens first school for formally training office assistants 1955 AAMA founded in Kansas City; subsequently recognized by the AMA 1963 Examination for Certified Medical Assistant developed In 1934, Dr. M. Mandl opens the first school that formally trains office assisants. In 1955, the American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA) is founded in Kansas City. In 1963, the examination to certify medical assistants is developed. In 1978, the AAMA is recognized as an accrediting agency by the U.S. Department of Education. In 1991, the current definition of a medical assistant is adopted. Today’s membership is over 30,000. 1978 AAMA recognized as accrediting agency by U.S. Department of Education 1991 Current definition adopted 2000 Today’s membership: More than 30,000
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varies from 6 months to 2 years
Medical Assisting Education Accredited Programs Schools Program Length Provided by post-secondary schools: Business schools Tech colleges Community colleges Program length varies from 6 months to 2 years Externship Accreditation Accredited programs are provided by post-secondary schools such as: Business schools, Tech colleges, and Community colleges. Program length varies from 6 months to 2 years. An accredited program must include an externship of 60 to 240 hours of hands-on experience. Programs are accredited by the American Medical Association and by the American Medical Technologies. Program must include an externship of 60 to 240 hours of hands-on experience Accredited by the AMA (through the CAAHEP) and by the American Medical Technologies (through ABHES)
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Medical Assisting Education
Certification CMA Certified Medical Assistant RMA Registered Medical Assistant Awarded by AAMA Exam prerequisite: Graduation from accedited program (CAAHEP or ABHES) Re-certify every 5 years Re-take exam or 60 Continuing Education units Awarded by AMT Exam prerequisite: Graduation from accedited program (ABHES only) or 5 years employment in the profession AMT membership required but re-certification is not The differences between a certified medical assistant and a registered medical assistant are: A CMA is awarded by the AAMA while the RMA is awarded by the AMT. A CMA must graduate from a program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Program (CAAHEP) or the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES) while an RMA must graduate from an ABHES-accredited program OR have maintained 5 years of employment in the profession. A CMA must re-certify every 5 years by re-taking the exam OR obtaining 60 units of continuing education while an RMA must maintain AMT membership but does not need to re-certify.
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Educational Opportunities Conventions and Networking
Medical Assisting Associations Benefits of Membership include… Educational Opportunities Conventions and Networking Group Insurance Plans Organizations American Association of Medical Assistants AAMA American Association of Professional Coders AAPC Benefits of medical assisting association membership include: educational opportunities, conventions and networking, and group insurance plans. The four medical assisting associations are: the American Assocation of Medical Assistants, the American Association of Professional Coders, the American Medical Technologists, and the American Health Information Management Assocation. AMT American Medical Technologists American Health Information Management Association AHIMA
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Employment Opportunities
Professional Practices Physicians Chiropractors Podiatrists Physical Therapy Facilities Laboratories Imaging Centers Medical assistants can find employment at: Professional practices (of physicians, chiropractors, and podiatrists), Physical therapy facilities, Laboraties, Imaging centers, Research facilities, Walk-in clinics, and Ambulatory surgery centers. Research Facilities Walk-In Clinics Ambulatory Surgery Centers
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