1. Upwelling associated with ENSO events
Colleen McHugh

2. Peruvian Upwelling Easterly trade winds
Sea surface is higher and warmer near Indonesia (relative to Peru)
Southerly winds off the coast of Peru  Ekman transport to the left of motionupwelling

3. Peruvian Upwelling

4. ENSO
Easterly trade winds will weaken in Northern Hemisphere spring and occasionally reverse direction
Ocean temperatures warm in central and eastern Pacific
Thermocline flattens, preventing upwelling from occurring
Has major oceanic and atmospheric impacts

5. How ENSO affects upwelling in Peru
Thermocline deepens
Nutrients from deeper waters don’t reach the surface
Plankton and fish that rely on these nutrients will either die or migrate
Major effects on fisheries and Peruvian economy

6. La Nina and upwelling Trade winds strengthen
Leads to cooler waters and more upwelling

7. Resources http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/ElNino/elnino.php