1. INTD409 Interior Environmental Technology Spring2016/17
University of Nizwa
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
Dept. of Architecture & Interior
INTD409 Interior Environmental Technology Spring2016/17
Lecture Notes 2
Dr. Mamdouh I. Zaky

2. General Review
1- Introduction to Green Building and Indoor Environmental Quality.
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1. Introduction of sustainable rating Systems " LEED“
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable Design
3- Thermal comfort
3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort
3-3. Heat Flow to/from Human Body
3-4. Measuring Environmental Factors
4- Green Design Controls
4-1. Architectural design/Site planning
4-2. Lighting Design
4-3. Water System design
4-4. Energy management system
4-5. Heat, Ventilation & Air conditioning 1

3. General Review
1- Introduction to Green Building and Indoor Environmental Quality.
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1. Introduction of sustainable rating Systems " LEED“
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable Design
3- Thermal comfort
3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort
3-3. Heat Flow to/from Human Body
3-4. Measuring Environmental Factors
4- Green Design Controls
4-1. Architectural design/Site planning
4-2. Lighting Design
4-3. Water System design
4-4. Energy management system
4-5. Heat, Ventilation & Air conditioning

4. General Review 2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1. Introduction of sustainable rating Systems " LEED“
Green Building standards include:
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
Green Globes
Model Green Homebuilding Guidelines
BuiltGreen
Energy Star
Living Building

5. General Review 2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1-a. sustainable rating Systems " LEED“.
LEED – Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Administered by the U. S. Green Building Council
2-1-b. Why LEED?
Reducing environmental impact
Reducing operating costs
Increasing occupant comfort and productivity

6. General Review 2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1-c. sustainable rating Systems " LEED“.
Category
Possible points
Sustainable Sites (SS) 26
Water Efficiency (WE) 10
Energy & Atmosphere (EA) 35
Materials & Resources (MR) 15
Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)
Innovation & Design Process (ID) 5
Regional Priority 4
Totals:
110

7. LEED Certification Levels
General Review
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1-c. sustainable rating Systems " LEED“.
LEED Certification Levels
Certified:
points
Silver:
points
Gold:
points
Platinum:
80 points and above

8. General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-a. Sustainable Sites (SS)
2-2-b. Water Efficiency (WE)
2-2-c. Energy & Atmosphere (EA)
2-2-d. Materials & Resources (MR)
2-2-e. Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)

9. General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-a. Sustainable Sites (SS)
Site Selection
Density and Connectivity
Brownfield Redevelopment
Alternative Transportation
Site Development – Habitat/Open Space
Storm water Control
Reduction of “Heat Island” Effect
Light Pollution Reduction

10. General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-b. Water Efficiency (WE)
Water Use Reduction
Water Efficient Landscaping
Innovative Wastewater Technology

11. General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-c. Energy & Atmosphere (EA)
Energy Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Building Commissioning

12. General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-d. Materials & Resources (MR)
Building Reuse
Construction Waste Management
Materials Reuse
Recycled Materials
Regional Materials
Rapidly Renewing Materials
Certified Wood

13. 3 General Review 2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable design (SD)
2-2-e. Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)
Ventilation
Low-Emitting Materials
Controllable Systems: Lighting - Thermal
Thermal Comfort
Daylight & Views 3

14. General Review
1- Introduction to Green Building and Indoor Environmental Quality.
2- Meaning of Green Standers and High performance
2-1. Introduction of sustainable rating Systems " LEED“
2-2. The five rolls of sustainable Design
3- Thermal comfort
3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort
3-3. Heat Flow to/from Human Body
3-4. Measuring Environmental Factors
4- Green Design Controls
4-1. Architectural design/Site planning
4-2. Lighting Design
4-3. Water System design
4-4. Energy management system
4-5. Heat, Ventilation & Air conditioning

15. General Review “That condition of mind which expresses
3- Thermal comfort
3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-1-a. what is thermal Comfort
“That condition of mind which expresses
satisfaction with the thermal environment
and is assessed by subjective evaluation.”

16. General Review 3- Thermal comfort 3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-1-b. what’s the Environmental Comfort Factors
Air temperature (dry bulb – deg F)
Relative humidity (%)
Air speed (ft per min)
Radiant conditions
Mean radiant temperature [MRT] in deg F
or other radiation value in Btuh per sf
These factors are controllable through design – a passive system
should control all four factors; an active (HVAC) system is expected to control the first three (with “architecture” controlling the fourth)

17. General Review 3- Thermal comfort 3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-1-c. Definitions
3-1-C-1. Conduction
The flow of heat between two adjacent and touching solids (or from one part to another part within an object) by direct interaction between molecules
3-1-C-2. Convection
The flow of heat from the surface of a material to/from a surrounding fluid (usually air); the free motion of molecules of the fluid is very important in promoting heat flow

18. General Review 3- Thermal comfort 3-1. Introduction & Definitions
3-1-C-3. Radiation
The flow of heat between objects that are not in direct contact—but that can “see” each other via electromagnetic radiation; the objects may be a few inches or a million miles apart
3-1-C-4. Evaporation
The flow of heat that must be provided as a material changes state (from a liquid to a gas); this heat represents the energy required to break molecular bonds (called the latent heat of vaporization)

19. General Review 3- Thermal comfort
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort
Physical Context of Thermal Comfort
-- dishealth
conditions the body’s response

20. General Review 3- Thermal comfort
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort

21. General Review Fundamentally, comfort involves a heat balance
3- Thermal comfort
3-2. Physical Basis of Thermal Comfort
Fundamentally, comfort involves a heat balance
(a thermal equilibrium) … where:
heat in ≈ heat out
where “heat in” is provided by metabolism, radiation, conduction, convection
where “heat out” is via radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation

22. General Review 3- Thermal comfort 3-3. Heat Flow to/from Human Body
Conduction (sensible)
Convection (sensible)
Radiation (sensible)
Evaporation/Condensation (latent)

23. General Review Sensible Heat Latent Heat
3- Thermal comfort
3-3. Heat Flow to/from Human Body
Sensible Heat
Flows via conduction, radiation, and convection
Flow rate is generally related to space temperatures
Latent Heat
Flows via evaporation
Flow rate is generally related to space humidity
Total Heat Flow = sensible + latent flows

24. 4 General Review 3- Thermal comfort
3-4. Measuring Environmental Factors
data logging
air temperature,
RH, wind speed
air speed
surface
temperature 4