1. Today’s Learning Target:
You will be able to describe the structure and function of carbohydrates.

2. Lets Carb Up!!!
January 18, 2019

3. A. Functions Used by cells to store and release energy
Simple Sugars = quick release energy
Monosaccharides and disaccharides
Starch = Long term energy storage
Found in plants
Glycogen = Long term energy storage
Found in animals
Stored in liver

4. Functions (cont.) Used to make cell structures Cellulose
Structural component in plants
Chitin
Structural component in animals

5. B. What are they made of? Made of… (Hint: look at the name)
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
General Formula (CH2O)n
n = number of carbons

6. C. Types of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides = monomer units
Means 1 sugar or simple sugar
Ring Shaped molecules
Provide quick energy for cells

7. Examples Glucose Most common Plants make glucose during photosynthesis
Structure: ring shaped (see image)
Formula: C6H12O6

8. Types of Carbohydrates (cont.)
Disaccharides
2 monosaccharides linked together by Dehydration synthesis

9. Macromolecule Formation
Process = Dehydration Synthesis
Removal of OH + H forms water, H2O
Leaves bonding sites that join monomer units.
Monomer OH H
H2O
Polymer

10. Examples Sucrose Glucose and fructose Found in regular table sugar
Lactose
Glucose and galactose
Found in dairy products

11. Types of Carbohydrates (cont.)
Polysaccharides = Polymers
Can be made of 100 to 1000’s of monosaccharides
Many monosaccharides linked together by Dehydration Synthesis

12. Examples Starch – storage polysaccharide Made entirely of glucose
Found in potato, rice, wheat
Other Examples
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin

13. Let’s Do Some Practice Questions!
Please grab your clickers!

14. Which of the following represents a monosaccharide?1. 2.
Picture Choice 1
Picture Choice 2
Picture Choice 3
Picture Choice 4 3. 4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

15. What elements are present in carbohydrates? (Answer all that apply)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

16. How does a simple sugar become a polysaccharide?
Adding water
Removing water
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17. The molecular formula for Glucose is which of the following?
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18. Molecule(s) “X” are most likely:
Carbohydrates
Monomers
Polymers
Water
Starch
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19. If molecule Y is a polysaccharide molecules “W” are most likely:
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Water
Starch
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20. Which of the following molecules is glucose?A A B C D
I need help with this. B D C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

21. The molecular formula for the image below is which of the following?
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22. Which of the following is not a disaccharide?
Maltose
Lactose
Glucose
Sucrose
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23. If molecule “Y” is starch, molecules marked “W” are most likely:
Maltose
Sucrose
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
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