1. Quality Assured Measurements of Animal Building Emissions: Part 2. Particulate Matter Concentrations Albert Heber; Teng Lim; John Gallien, Ji-Qin Ni; Pei-Chun Tao Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Larry Jacobson University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN Jacek Koziel Texas A&M University, Amarillo, TX Steven Hoff Iowa State University, Ames, IA Yuanhui Zhang University of Illinois, Urbana, IL Jerry Baughman North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC

2. Objectives Describe use of TEOM in livestock buildings to measure TSP, PM10 and PM2.5. Discuss QAQC Show some preliminary data collected this year

3. Laying House PM

6. Dust Measuring Strategies Determine temporal variation (Hinze et al., 1998) Semi-continuous mass monitor Representative exhaust fan (minimum winter) Calibrate with FRM Determine spatial variation (Wang et al., 1999) Multi-point gravimetric filter sampling Multiple exhausts plus ambient Calibrate with FRM

7. TEOM flow schematic

8. TEOM record in a pig house (Hinz et al., 1998)

9. PM Monitoring Schematic

10. Raceway Contains Vacuum Lines

11. TEOM PM 10

13. System Calibration Flow controller calibration (software) Mass flow controller calibration (hardware) Analog calibration Mass transducer verification Flow audit procedure Ambient temperature calibration Barometric pressure calibration

14. TEOM Maintenance Filter replacement PM-10 inlet cleaning Replacing large bypass in-line filter Replacing flow controller filters Cleaning air inlet system Leak testing

15. Changing TEOM Filter

16. Loaded TEOM Filter

17. Feathered Bug Screen

18. Plugged Bug Screen

19. PM10 Inlet Body

20. Large Particles Collected

21. Collocated TEOMS, FRM Fan inlet External screen PM 10 inlet Cabinet Wedding PM 10

22. Collocated PM10 Measurements 24-h at laying house exhaust Anticipatory Feeding

23. Four Collocated TEOMs in laying house exhaust (4/3/02)

24. TSP vs. PM 10 in Laying House Exhaust Air (5/2/02)

25. Collocated PM2.5, PM10, TSP at laying house

26. Effect of Filter Loading Humidity Effect

27. Lagoon Tunnel-ventilated finishing houses with flushing Oil sprinkled building

28. Oil Sprinkling

30. Oil pressure

32. TSP Measurements in Two Swine Barns (11/08/02)

33. Effect of Pig Activity on TSP

34. Nine shrouded vanes installed at laying house Open vane (cheaper) 50% variations with static pressure!

35. UIUC test of anemometer Calibration at UIUC BESS Lab

36. Open impeller vane anemometer

37. Open propeller

38. Small Vane Anemometer Readings vs. Building Static Pressure

39. Summary First measurements of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in livestock buildings in U.S. have been conducted. QAQC is critical to TEOM success. Moisture is adsorbed and desorbed Oil sprinkling reduces PM Real-time concentrations correlated to animal activity Anemometers provide real-time airflow data.

40. Check out www.AgAirQuality.com Questions?