1. The Renaissance

2. Unit Objectives
To understand the characteristics of Renaissance art, literature, government, and philosophy
To recognize and identify examples of intellectual, political, and artistic components of the Renaissance
To learn the causes and impacts of the Renaissance
To identify Renaissance artists, their work, and the significance of their work

3. The Renaissance
CULTURAL AWAKENING THAT CAUSED EUROPEANS TO DEVELOP NEW ATTITUDES ABOUT THE WORLD AROUND THEM
Transition period from the Middle Ages to modern times
Where did the Renaissance begin?

4. THE CITY-STATES OF ITALY
Why there?

5. CENTER OF TRADE, SO LOTS OF MONEY TO SPEND ON ART
MANY “PATRONS” OF THE ARTS (PEOPLE
WHO SUPPORTED ARTISTS)
IN ITALY LIKE LORENZO
DE MEDICI
3. HISTORY AND TRADITION

6. What caused the Renaissance
What caused the Renaissance? What changed in Europe that moved the kingdoms there from the “Dark Ages” to a more cultured and educated society?

7. GROWTH OF NEW EMPIRES AND MORE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN EMPIRES
DISSATISFACTION WITH GOVERNMENTS AND CHURCH BECAUSE OF WARS AND PLAGUE
WRITERS AND ARTISTS STARTED TO EXPRESS THIS DISSATISFACTION WITH NEW STYLES

8. Humanism (ID)
STRONG INTEREST IN ANYTHING CLASSICAL (WRITING, ART, LITERATURE, ETC.) WITH A FOCUS ON HUMAN POTENTIAL AND ACHIEVEMENTS
Much of Humanist art focused
on realistic portrayals of the
human body

9. Revival of Greek and Latin work
Revival of many Greek and roman beliefs (seeking fulfillment in daily life, individuals have dignity and worth, people participating in a variety of activities)

10. What made these new ideas and art so popular?

11. Humanist Schools People had a thirst for knowledge
Humanists began to start schools that became very popular—before the only schools were religious schools
Subjects like history, literature, and philosophy (Humanities) allowed people to study, learn, and debate without having to become an official of the Church
These schools also offered the opportunity to consider new ideas and philosophies that were not supported by the Church
New forms of writing like sonnets
More and more Humanists wrote in common languages rather than Latin increasing their popular appeal and access by everyday people rather than just academics

12. What were the results of the spread of Humanism?

13. MANY OLD TRADITIONS AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS WERE CHALLENGED
MANY NEW DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS

14. BIRTHPLACE OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
Three Italian city-states emerged as leaders of the Renaissance: Florence, Rome, and Venice
Florence:
BIRTHPLACE OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
Rome: Replaced Florence as the leading city-state of the Renaissance because of the influence of the Church and the Renaissance art became much more focused on religion
Venice: Replaced Rome due to its wealth from trade—more people there could afford to patronize the arts

15. Renaissance art became much more lifelike, realistic, & emotional
Architecture returned to the classical style (columns, arches, etc.)
Sculptures became more classical (many life-likes and nude statues similar to Greek and Roman works)
Paintings became more realistic and emotional

16. Ninja Turtles Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa, Last Supper, inventor
Michelangelo:
Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, The David
Donatello:
First to sculpt in bronze, David
Rafael:
School of Athens, several paintings of the
Madonna

17. Renaissance Writers Shakespeare: Wrote about the human condition and
psychology of humans including topics like
jealousy and ambition
Thomas More:
Wrote Utopia about a perfect society

21. The Renaissance began to spread from Italy to the rest of Europe due to war, travel, trade, and the printing press (Cultural Diffusion)
Johann Gutenberg (ID):
IMPROVED THE PRINTING PRESS (MOVEABLE TYPE) AND BROUGHT IT TO EUROPE

23. Christian Humanism Humanism aimed at reforming the Catholic Church
Believed in the ability of humans to reason and improve themselves
Centered in Northern Europe

24. Christian Humanism
The Renaissance in Northern Europe was more religious and began to call for reform of the Catholic Church
Erasmus:
MOST FAMOUS CHRISTIAN
HUMANIST; CRITICIZED THE
CATHOLIC CHURCH FOR ITS
EXTRAVAGANCE & CORRUPTION
OF POPES

25. The Renaissance did not come to England until 1485 when the War of the Roses ended (dispute over the rightful heir to the throne between the Yorks and the Tudors—the Tudors won)
English humanists focused on social issues

26. Catholic Church
The Church embraced the art of the Renaissance but not the philosophies and ideas of it or the Humanists because they challenged Church teachings and its authority

27. Where did the Renaissance begin?
England
France
Italy
Germany

28. Which of the following was true about “Humanism”?
Humanists focused on the classics
Humanists focused on human potential and achievements
Humanists were influenced by Greek and Latin work
Humanists created schools that were so popular they began to replace Church schools

29. What impact did the spread of Humanism have?
There were many new inventions
People began questioning the old traditional beliefs
People stopped going to Church
Kings gained power

30. What impact did Lorenzo de Medici have on the Renaissance?
He founded it
He supported many artists as a “patron of the arts”
He opposed it as a poor influence on the people
He was the leading Humanist

31. What impact did Gutenberg have on the Renaissance?
He founded it
He was its leading Humanist
He helped spread the Renaissance with his invention
He opposed the Renaissance because he thought it was a poor influence on his people