1. Groundwater Watch list «draft concept report»
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Groundwater Watch list «draft concept report»
Rüdiger Wolter – Germany
Ronald Kozel – Switzerland
and
group of volunteers:
Benjamin Lopez – France (French Geological Service); Dennis Lemke – European Chemicals Commission; Volker Laabs and Dieter Schaefer - European Crop Protection Agency; Elisa Vargas Amelin - EU Commission; Emanuele Ferretti – Italy; Jacqueline Claessens – Netherlands ; Johannes Grath – Austria; Jonathan Smith - (CONCAWE); Ralph Eppinger – Flemish EA; Francis Delloye - Belgium, Wallonia; Rob Ward - UK BGS; Tim Besien - England EA; Dan Lapworth – UK
Berne (CH), April 2018

2. What has already been done:
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
What has already been done:
Watch list process launched by WG groundwater (Brussels) April 2015ü
Meeting group of volunteers (Berne)  1st draft 8./ ü
Discussion at WG groundwater plenary (Luxemburg) / ü
Summary report for SCG and Approval 9./ ü
Discussion at WG groundwater plenary (Amersfoort) / ü
Meeting group of volunteers (Vienna) 23./ ü
Meeting with NORMAN-working group (Paris) 27./ ü
Discussion at WG Groundwater plenary (Bratislava) 25./ ü
Tests of Column I, II and III procedure and adaptation Feb. 2017ü
Meeting group of volunteers (Paris) ü
Amendments and draft review April 2017ü

3. What has already been done:
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
What has already been done:
Presentation and discussion (Malta) April 2017 ü
Draft V 9.5 of GWWL methodology June 2017ü
Preparation of a second pilot study (PFCs) Mai 2017ü
Identification of organisation carrying out data collection June 2017 not jet
Meeting group of volunteers (Brussels) 05./06. Sept. 2017ü
Presentation and discussion (Nottingham) October 2017ü
What has to be done – next steps:
Meeting group of volunteers (PMT, bypass etc.) Summer 2018
Finalisation of GWWL methodology Spring 2018
Identification of first candidates for watch list end of 2018
Launch of the watch list process 2019
Support to EC review of Annexes I and II of GWD

4. Figure 3.1 “Structure of the Groundwater Watch List (GWWL) process”
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
What is new or was (significantly) revised after the CIS-Meeting in Nottingham (October 2017):
Figure 3.1 “Structure of the Groundwater  Watch List (GWWL) process”
3.5 Procedure to select substances for the Groundwater Watch List
3.6 Procedure to select substances for the List facilitating Annex I and II process
3.7 Deselection of substances from the Groundwater Watch List process
Several modifications in Chapters 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 that refer to Chapters 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7

5. Groundwater Watch List GWWL List facilitating the Annex I + II process
Prioritisation based on existing monitoring data (column I)
Criteria: presence in GW
Output: ranked list I
Prioritisation based on exposure (column II)
Criteria: theoretical groundwater leaching potential and extent of potential environmental exposure
Output: ranked list II
All substances, except annex I or II substances
Substances with important groundwater leaching potential
Prioritisation based on hazard (column III)
Criteria: toxicological or ecotoxicological hazard
Output: ranked list III
Groundwater Watch List
GWWL
List facilitating the Annex I + II process
All substances found
(at least 1 country and 5 sites)
All substances with high and medium leaching potential
Cutoff (e.g. top 30 substances)
Sufficient monitoring data available?
YES NO
no findings
 deselection
Monitoring
bypass for not top-ranked substances of relevant contaminant groups (expert judgement)
In principle all substances can go to Column III assessment!
Refers to the number of substances in the Watch List – NOT to the number of substances selected from ranked List III
Modifications that follow from the previous adaptions

6. Groundwater Watch List process (concept)
Prioritisation based on existing monitoring data (column I)
Criteria: presence in GW
Output: ranked list I
Prioritisation based on exposure (column II)
Criteria: theoretical groundwater leaching potential and extent of potential environmental exposure
Output: ranked list II
All substances, except annex I or II substances
Substances with significant groundwater leaching potential
Prioritisation based on hazard (column III)
Criteria: toxicological or ecotoxicological hazard
Output: ranked list III
Groundwater Watch List
GWWL
List facilitating the Annex I + II process
All substances found
(at least 1 country and 5 sites)
All substances ranked according to leaching potential
Limited number (e.g.30)
Sufficient monitoring data available?
YES NO
No relevant number of findings
 deselection
Monitoring
Bypass (expert judgement)
In principle all substances can go to Column III assessment!
The number of substances on the Watch List should be limited to about 30 (?)

7. 34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Criteria which substances can go to the “List Facilitating Annex I/II process”
Prioritisation based on hazard
(column III)
Criteria: toxicological or ecotoxicological hazard
Output: ranked list III
No relevant number of findings
 deselection NO
Sufficient monitoring data available?
YES
Groundwater Watch List
GWWL
List facilitating the Annex I + II process
Sufficient monitoring data?:
Quantified in 4 or more MS and found at more than 10 sites in each of the countries and highly ranked in column III
Yes: List facilitating Annex I + II process
No: Groundwater watch list – GWWL monitoring

8. 3.5 Criteria which substances go to the Watch List
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Criteria which substances go to the Watch List
Prioritisation based on hazard
(column III)
Criteria: toxicological or ecotoxicological hazard
Output: ranked list III NO
Sufficient monitoring data available?
YES
GWWL
Monitoring
Limited number (e.g. 30)
Criteria:
Ranked in column III but found in less than 4 MS/AC and/or at less than 10 sites in each MS/AC
expert judgment
Bypass by
Groundwater Watch List
GWWL
Watch List is a limited list of substances (e.g. 30).
This list should be complemented by substances representing groups of substances with lower score, but revealing a pollution risk - in case the group would not be represented by using the score (e.g. non relevant metabolites).

9. 3.7 Criteria to deselect substances from the Watch List process:
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Criteria to deselect substances from the Watch List process:
No relevant number of findings
 deselection NO
Sufficient monitoring data available?
YES
GWWL
Monitoring
List facilitating the Annex I + II process
Groundwater Watch List
GWWL
As a result of Watch List Monitoring a substance goes to the „List facilitating Annex I + II process and thus can be deselected from the Watch List and the Watch List process (monitoring).
If Watch List monitoring is carried out over a sufficiently long period (e.g. six years – conceptual model) at sites where the occurrence of the substance can be expected and if there are no or only very few findings the substance could be deselected from the Watch List process.
Criteria: Analysed in 8 or more MS/AC at more than 20 sites in each MS/AC and analysed at more than 1000 sites (European wide) and found in less than 0.1% and in less than 1% of the sites in each MS/AC.

10. Selection of substances for the List facilitating Annex I/II process
No of MS/AC
Substance Name
Acronym
CAS # 10
Perfluorooctanoic Acid
PFOA
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate
PFOS 9
Perfluorohexanoic Acid
PFHxA
Perfluoroheptanoic Acid
PFHpA
Perfluoroundecanoic Acid
PFUnA 8
Perfluorohexane Sulfonate
PFHxS
Perfluorononanoic Acid
PFNA
Perfluorodecanoic Acid
PFDA 7
Perfluoropentanoic Acid
PFPeA
Perfluorobutane Sulfonate
PFBS
Perfluorododecanoic Acid
PFDoA 6
Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide
PFOSA
Perfluorotetradecanoic Acid
PFTeDA 5
Perfluorobutanoic Acid
PFBA 4
Perfluorodecane Sulfonate
PFDS 3
Perfluoroheptane Sulfonate
PFHpS 2
N-Ethyl-Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide
N-EtFOSA 1
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFOS (6:2 FTS)
27619‐97‐2
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorodecanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFDeS (8:2 FTS)
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluoroundecanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFUdS (10:2 FTS)
6:2 Fluortelomerphosphatediester
6:2 diPAP
Perfluorooctadecanoic Acid
PFODA
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFHxS (4:2 FTS)
Perfluorohexadecanoic Acid
PFHxDA
8:2 Fluortelomerphosphatediester
8:2 diPAP
N-Ethyl-Perfluorooctane Sulfonamidoethanol
N-EtFOSE
N-Methyl-Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide
N-MeFOSA
N-Methyl-Perfluorooctane Sulfonamidoethanol
N-MeFOSE
Selection of substances for the List facilitating Annex I/II process
52 substances were listed in the questionnaire
28 different substances were monitored.
2 in all PC,
15 in 4 or more MS/AC countries,
14 substances were monitored at or more sites.

11. Detected but not quantified*
Substances that could go to the “List facilitating Annex I/II process”
No of MS/AC
Substance Name
Acronym
Total number of sites
Detected but not quantified*
No of findings
MS/AC with findings
List Facilitating* 10
Perfluorooctanoic Acid
PFOA
5736 38
1549
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate
PFOS
6278 55
1430 9
Perfluorohexanoic Acid
PFHxA
4662
1175 8
Perfluorohexane Sulfonate
PFHxS
2328
124
873 7
Perfluoroheptanoic Acid
PFHpA
4224 37
817
Perfluoropentanoic Acid
PFPeA
2452 19
701 6
Perfluorobutane Sulfonate
PFBS
2209 93
577 5
Perfluorobutanoic Acid
PFBA
1189
552 4
Perfluorononanoic Acid
PFNA
3752 2
195
Perfluorodecanoic Acid
PFDA
2945 1
173 3
Perfluoroheptane Sulfonate
PFHpS
787 77
Perfluorododecanoic Acid
PFDoA
2830 62
Perfluoroundecanoic Acid
PFUnA
2711 42
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFOS (6:2 FTS)
518 0  31
1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorodecanesulfonic Acid
H4-PFDeS (8:2 FTS)
242  0 24
Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide
PFOSA
1715 22
10 substances were found in 4 or more MS/AC at 10 or more sites and thus could go to the „List facilitating Annex I/II process“ – but Column III assessment is missing!
*No of MS where the substance was found at more than 10 sites

12. Selection of substances for the Groundwater Watch List
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Selection of substances for the Groundwater Watch List
Example with data from the PFC pilot study:
Results of Column III assessment is needed – data not jet available.
Column I:
52 substances in the questionnaire -
28 substances were monitored and 23 found in GW.
From these 23 substances 10 substances could go to the “List facilitating Annex I/II process”.
Thus 13 substances were already found in GW but there are no sufficient data available (potential candidates for the Watch List).
Column II:
52 substances in the questionnaire -
11 have a high or medium score in Column II (1-0.5) but no monitoring data and also could go to the Watch List (potential candidates for the Watch List).

13. Deselection criteria - How strict are we – too strict?
First suggestion: Analysed in at least 8 MS/AC ….. and at 800 or more sites (European wide) and found in less than 5% of sites (European wide) and in no more than 10% in any one MS/AC.
Substance/Metabolite
Sites
< LOQ
Sites with Findings
Findings in %
Deselection? (5% - 10%)
Deselection? (0,1% - 1%)
Desethylatrazin
12.436
11.227
1.209
9,7 N
Atrazin
12.431
11.616
815
6,6
1,2-Dichlorpropan1)
931
887 44
4,7 Y ?
Simazin
12.234
11.758
476
3,9
Desisopropylatrazin
11.612
11.237
375
3,2
Bentazon
11.057
10.724
333
3,0
Propazin
10.366
10.231
135
1,3
Bromacil
9.679
9.559
120
1,2
Diuron
10.168
10.052
116
1,1
Ethidimuron
2.777
2.747 30
Terbuthylazin
12.201
12.078
123
1,0
Oxadixyl 2)
1.714
1.699 15
0,9
N (?)
Mecoprop3)
10.678
10.590 88
0,8
Isoproturon
10.332
10.252 80
Glyphosat
2.944
2.924 20
0,7
Lenacil
2.310
2.297 13
0,6
Hexazinon
10.050
10.001 49
0,5
Chloridazon
7.528
7.497 31
0,4
Metazachlor
11.779
11.745 34
0,3
In Germany the TV of 0.1 µg/l is exceeded at 4.6% of all sites ( sites monitored).
About 4% of all groundwater bodies in Germany are in a poor status due to pesticides.
Pesticides most frequently found in German groundwater (Report 2016)

14. 34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Next steps:
Application of the Watch List process for pharmaceuticals and PFCs.
Identification of substances for the Watch List.
Identification of substances for the List Facilitating Annex I/II process.
Preparation of a next meeting of the Group of volunteers and the Commission :
Discussion of preliminary results, selection/deselection criteria, PMT criteria …...
Improvement of the Watch List process.
How to implement the Watch List Process
Identification of an organisation/institution running the Watch List process (data collection, data assessment, Column I, II and III assessment …..)
Presentation at the next WG GW meeting.

15. Thank you for your attention !
34th CIS Groundwater Working Group (WG GW) Plenary Meeting in Berne (CH)
Thank you for your attention !