1. Metals and Alloys

2. Alloys Two definitions Combination of two or more elements Combination of two or more metallic elements Metallurgical Commercial

3. Alloys Two Commercial Classifications Ferrous – Iron as base metal Nonferrous – No iron in composition

4. Alloys In Metals Compounds Chemically bonded Distinct from its constituents Mixtures Not chemically bonded Retains individual identity of ingredients Solutions Liquid Solid

5. Properties of Metals Chemical Physical Mechanical

6. Mechanical Properties Hardness Hardenability Brittleness

7. Mechanical Properties Ductility Malleability Toughness

8. Mechanical Properties Machinability Strength Tensile strength

9. Mechanical Properties Yield point Elongation Stress

10. Mechanical Properties Strain Elasticity Plasticity

11. Mechanical Properties Fatigue Fusibility

12. Metal Identification Steel Numbering Systems SAE – society of automotive engineers AISI – American iron and steel institute Four and maybe Five digit code system Page 507 in textbook Note the small percentages

13. Metal Identification

14. C = carbon Cr = chromium Mn = Manganese Mo = Molybdenum Ni = Nickel Si = Silicon V = Vanadium

15. Metal Identification First number indicates type of steel Second number approx. % of dominate element Third and fourth digit denotes % of carbon in hundredths 1018 = Carbon steel with.18% of carbon content

16. Metal Identification - Aluminum Alloy types designated by four digit system 1=aluminum 99% pure or better 2=copper 3=manganese 5=magnesium 6=magnesium and silicon 7=zinc 8=something else 9=unassigned

17. Metal Identification - Aluminum Temper designations F = as fabricated O = annealed H = strain hardened W = solution heat-treated only T = thermally treated

18. Metal Identification Numbering systems for metals can be found on Internet, libraries, Machinery Handbook, ASTM reference manuals, metallurgy references, textbooks on machining, casting, welding, blacksmithing, SAE references, engineering references, steel construction references, engineering materials references, metal fabrication references, steel supply distributors, steel mills…