1. New Type of Additives for Lead-acid Battery

2. Contents 1
The application of pre-blended expander for lead-acid battery 1 2
Additives to extend life cycle 3
Jinkeli briefing

3. 1
The application of pre-blended expander for lead-acid battery

4. 1.1 Introduction of Jinkeli
Pre-blended Expander

5. Blending What is pre-blended expander?
Pre-blended expanders is a kind of additives which uniformly blends lignin, barium sulfate, carbon black and other single chemicals as per the formula to meet specific requirements of various batteries and improve performance.
Blending
The pre-blended expanders is mixing different apparent density of the single additives into a product of uniform density. With a special processing technology, after weighing each material accurately with high-precision equipment we mix lignin, barium sulfate, carbon and other materials of different AD into a product of uniform density with van der Waals forces in a sealed space.

6. JINKELI Pre-blended Expanders Production Facilities
JINKELI pre-blended expander has achieved fully automatic control production. The whole
process are automatically recorded including weight of batching, rechecking and packing and
monitor with a closed-loop control system.

7. Production Process and Control
Key parts of the mixing system:
1. Precise weighing system
2. Advanced mixing system
Quality Control:
1. Computerized control
2. Rechecking control of weighing
3. Inspection control of finished products

8. Advantages of JINKELI Pre-blended Expanders
Reliable raw materials
2. Advanced formula
3. Uniform paste mixing
4. Precise quantity
5. Simplify procedure
6. Improve plates and battery consistency
7. Lower the cost
8. Clean production

9. Follow customer’s formula Improve battery quality
Develop new formula
Meet customers needs
Improve battery quality
Lower the cost

10. 1.2 The Uniformity Analysis of Jinkeli Pre-blended Expander

11. SEM-EDS Analysis To Check the Uniformity
Simple mixing, not uniform
Pre-blended, barium sulfate,
carbon black uniformly distributed
around lignin

12. SEM-EDS Analysis of Simple Mixing
Simple mixing, not uniform
Sodium(lignin) distribution not uniform

13. SEM-EDS Analysis of Pre-blended Expander
Pre-blended, barium sulfate,
carbon black uniformly distributed
around lignin
Sodium element uniform distribution

14. SEM-EDS Analysis Conclusion
1. Much better uniformity of Pre-blended expander
2. As a dispersant, lignosulfonate uniformly gathers other materials around itself by the force of van der Waals. So other materials will not form agglomeration and will achieve uniform distribution. Consequently a multi-composition structure with uniform A.D. materials are formed.
3. While simple mixing, barium sulfate and carbon black cannot be uniformly mixed, still be in form of agglomeration.

15. 1.3 Differential Thermal Analysis(DSC) of Jinkeli Pre-blended Expander Distribution Uniformity on the Plates

16. The Theory of DSC Analysis
DSC Curve of Lead Paste (without expander)
DSC Curve of Lead Paste (with expander)
One exothermic peak from lead
One exothermic peak from lead &
one exothermic peak from expander

17. Do the integration and heat release of exothermic peak
Conclusion:
The exothermic peak of the thermal analysis curve is proportional to the additive dosage of the sample.
Relationship between unit heat release and expander dosage of 8 samples

18. ※DSC data from the battery producers using pre-blended
※DSC data from the battery producers using simple mixing
Relative standard deviation varies from 12%-40% due to different equipments, processing and manual operations.
※DSC data from the battery producers using pre-blended
Relative standard deviation decreased to only 4%-12%, significantly reduced the deviation due to different equipments, technique and manual operations of different producers.

19. DSC data from one battery producer who use both pre-blended expanders and simple mixing
For a same company using the same equipment, production processing and manual operations, the consistency of using pre-blended expander is 2-3 times better than manual mixing.

20. Effect of different materials and way of mixing on the plates consistency
Conclusion：
1. Vacuum mixing can slightly improve consistency.
2. Pre-wet mixing can slightly improve consistency.
3. Cabot carbon can effectively improve consistency.
4. Pre-blended expander can significantly improve consistency.

21. 1.4 Pre-blended Expander to Improve Battery Consistency

22. Cell test Test program:
Same formula in three samples as normal expanders, pre-blended No.1 and pre-blended No 2.
Pasting and assembly cells as the picture shows, battery with 2pos3neg. 4 cell batteries assembled for each sample.
Battery performance testing: -18℃ discharge(40A, 24A), -15℃, charge acceptance and high current discharge.

23. Battery performance test data

24. * The standard variance is used to represent the dispersion of the same group of data. The larger the value of the standard variance, the larger the data dispersion and the poor of the data consistency. The smaller the value of the standard variance, the smaller the data dispersion and the better consistency.
From the above data, we can see that the low temperature performance of the two pre-blended samples has less standard variance than the simple mixing sample. The two pre-blended samples’ data are very close. Demonstrating that pre-blended expander is much better than simple mixing in terms of cell battery consistency

25. From the above data, we can see that the charge acceptance, -15℃ capacity and 10A discharge performance of two pre-blended samples has less standard variance than the simple mixing sample. The two pre-blended samples’ data are very close. Demonstrating that pre-blended expander is much better than simple mixing in terms of cell battery consistency

26. 1.5 Jinkeli Pre-blended Expander Applications

27. JS Series Expander Applications:
Automotive, motorcycle, marine and other starter batteries
Features:
Significantly improve cycle life and battery performance at high & low temperature;

28. JSS Series Applications: EFB&AGM start-stop batteries Features:
电池厂家 A V T L
金科力样品
电池型号
12V65Ah
12V60Ah
电池重量(kg）
16.435
16.940
17.580
17.415
17.420
内阻（mΩ）
3.580
4.700
4.100
3.900
3.800
20hr容量（Ah）
60.095
73.444
66.093
63.743
64.204
-18℃ 640A
10S电压（V)
7.843
7.738
7.835
8.151
8.186
30S电压（V)
7.408
7.206
7.312
7.674
7.685
60.112
75.310
67.775
66.406
66.251
-18℃ 500A
10s电压（V)
7.842
7.322
7.866
7.950
8.031
30s电压（V)
7.337
6.663
7.084
7.514
60.291
75.215
66.459
65.549
66.069
充电接受(A)
28.26
31.93
35.36
31.19
42.35
动态充电接受（AS）
508
325
353
279
620
JSS Series
Applications:
EFB&AGM start-stop batteries
Features:
Significantly improve cranking ability;
Futher improve charge acceptance and cycle life;
Reduce water loss;

29. JEV Series Expander Applications:
EV, Forklift, golf-cart and other motive batteries
Features:
Excellent low temperature performance;
High over-discharge resistance;
Good high-rate discharge performance;
Long cycle life

30. JV Series Expander Applications: Telecom, UPS batteries Features:
Meet requirements of battery instantaneous high-rate discharge or long time discharge;
Lower self-discharge and water loss;
Longer cycle life;
High-stable performance

31. JSP Series Expander Applications: Wind and solar power batteries
Features:
Meet requirements of battery instantaneous high-rate discharge or long time discharge;
Lower self-discharge and water loss;
Excellent sulfation resistance;
Longer cycle life;
High-stable performance

32. 2
Additives To Extend Cycle Life

33. 2.1 CuringBon ® （4BS Seed）

34. JINKELI PATENTED PRODUCT
CuringBon® （4BS seed）
JINKELI PATENTED PRODUCT
Specification
ITEM
INDEX
4PbO·PbSO4 Content
≥98%
Moisture
≤0.3%
Median Particle Size
3.5±1 μm Fe
≤ %
Features
●High content of 4BS and small particle distribution
●Increase the oxidation rate of free lead in paste
●Reduce the curing temperature to form 4BS in paste and the curing time, save the manufacture cost of battery
●Increase the initial battery capacity and consistency of battery
●Significantly increase cycle life of battery
※ Suggested consumption: 1%~2% in accordance with the weight of lead oxide.

35. Plates SEM Analysis Adding 4BS Seed
CuringBon® 4BS SEM Analysis
SEM Analysis of Plates without Seed
0.5% %
Plates SEM Analysis Adding 4BS Seed

36. Battery Performance Comparison After Adding 4BS Seed
Capacity 2hr （1.5A） Cutoff at V ＜1.75V
First time
-18℃ Discharge test （40A，24A）
Second time
-29℃, Discharge test （32A，19.2A）　
No.
2hr Capacity 1
0.3A Capacity
2hr Capacity2
10S Volts
30S Volts
90S Volts
Time to 1.0V (s)
Time to 1.0V(s)
Blank Positive Formulation
3.980
5.555
4.137
5.682
5.371
1.392
1.226
1.372
67.5
1.332
1.060
27.0
+1% 4BS JINKELI
4.223
6.166
4.517
6.155
6.192
1.397
1.291
1.469
82.0
1.331
1.206
1.299
43.5
+1% 4BS from other source
4.047
6.113
4.477
6.210
6.106
1.384
1.247
1.241
49.0
1.333
1.133
32.5
Lab cells: 2 positives+ 3 negatives
4BS addition ratio: 1%
Five cells per batch are made.

37. Start- stop EFB 17.5% DOD Cycle Comparison
The addition of 4BS seed can improve
1. Plate crystal structure, and increase battery cycle life
2. Improve the low temperature performance of the battery

38. 2.2 High-strength PET Fiber

39. High-strength pasting fiber
2019/2/2
High-strength pasting fiber
High-strength fiber can greatly increase plate mechanical strength, enhance the bonding force between the active material and grid as well as improve battery life.
Advantages:
Higher plate mechanical strength;
Less plate cracks;
Lower plate scrap and waste rate;
Longer battery life;
Achieve clean production
Mixing ratio，%
（By WT of lead oxide）
Weight loss after 3 drops , %
Weight loss after 6 drops , %
Weight loss after 10 drops , %
0.1%，High strength
0.27
0.54
1.07
0.1%，normal
0.39
1.45
2.88

40. Positive plate drop strength comparison:
Plates with normal fiber
NO.
Weight
5 Drops
8 Drops
Reject rate after 5 drops
Reject rate after 8 drops 1
114.0
113.0
108.0
0.88%
5.26% 2
113.3
112.1
107.4
1.06%
5.21% 3
113.5
112.3
108.9
4.05% 4
109.0
3.80%
Average
4.58%
Plates with JINKELI high-strength fiber
NO.
Weight
5Drops
8 Drops
12 Drops
Deject rate after 5 drops
Reject rate after 8 drops 1
123.1
122.7
121.0
118.1
0.32%
1.71% 2
121.9
120.5
118.5
115.0
1.15%
2.79% 3
121.4
119.6
116.4
0.33%
1.48% 4
122.0
119.1
116.3
0.82%
2.38% 5
122.3
120.8
118.7
1.55%
Average
1.98%

41. Negative plate drop test comparision
Plates with normal fiber
NO.
Weight
5 Drops
8 Drops
12 Drops
Wt. loss after 5 drops
Wt. loss after 8 drops
Wt. loss after 12 drops 1
92.2
90.6
86.5
80.0
1.74%
6.18%
13.47% 2
91.3
89.4
85.5
76.7
2.08%
6.35%
16.33% 3
93.9
92.9
86.9
76.0
1.06%
7.45%
19.27% 4
93.8
92.3
89.5
82.7
1.60%
4.58%
12.03%
AVG
15.27%
Plates with JINKELI high strength fiber
NO.
Weight
5 Drops
8 Drops
12 Drops
Wt. loss after 5 drops
Wt, loss after 8 drops
Wt. loss after 12 drops 1
99.2
98.6
97.8
95.4
0.60%
1.41%
3.85% 2
99.4
98.4
96.5
0.20%
1.01%
2.92% 3
99.3
97.1
0.10%
0.70%
2.22% 4
98.7
98.0
95.9
0.50%
1.21%
3.34% 5
101.6
100.7
97.5
0.89%
2.26%
4.07%
AVG
3.28%

42. Positive plates after 8 drops Negative plates after 8 drops
High strength fiber Normal fiber
High strength fiber Normal fiber

43. 20% Motorcycle Start-Stop batteries Cycle life comparison Fiber type
High Strength Fiber
Fiber type
Life cycle
Normal PET
107,000
102,000
High-strength PET
122,000
130,500
20%

44. 3
Jinkeli Briefing

45. Jinkeli Location

46. Today
※ Advanced battery R&D Center, continuous technical support and product development
※ The largest battery additives supplier in China and over 70% domestic market share
※ Global sales and service networks
※ ISO 9001:2008 & ISO14000&18000
※ More than 180 employees
※ ,334m² production and storage area
※ USD 9.2 million register capitals
※ Sales revenue of Year 2017 ：USD 50 million 2

47. Jinkeli Plant

48. KL-99 Anti-oxidation Oil
Products
Lignin
(Vanisperse)
Humic acid
Pre-blended expander
Carbon black
Graphite
CuringBon®
（4BS seed）
Barium sulfate
Stannous Sulfate
Antimony Trioxide
Nano-silica Sol
Fiber Flock
Cork Powder/
Mold coat
Fumed Silica
KL-99 Anti-oxidation Oil
Seamless Pasting Belt

49. MAIN CUSTOMERS

50. MAIN CUSTOMERS

51. R&D Center
Jinkeli R&D Center was founded in 2007, and it consists of process lab, cell testing lab and battery testing lab as well as materials analysis labs.
Committed to continual development and improvement of additives/ chemicals for lead-acid battery as well as battery technology, provide battery technical support and service.

53. Technical & Engineering Team

54. A member of ALABC
The Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (ALABC) is an international research and development consortium dedicated to enhancing the capabilities of the lead-acid battery to ensure its competitiveness in various energy storage markets. These markets include telecommunications, remote area power supply (RAPS), start/stop automotive systems, and hybrid electric applications.
JINKELI has been the member of ALABC since 2014,and always keeps active in the research projects of ALABC.

55. Labs & Equipments
Materials Analysis Lab Materials Analysis Lab High-temperature Lab

56. 2019/2/2 Lab Equipments Atomic absorption spectrometer
Content of the Fe, Mn, Cu and other metal impurities of pre-blended expander, humic acid , graphite, etc.
Laser particle size analyzer
Particle size distribution of barium sulfate, graphite, carbon black, etc.
Simultaneous thermal  analyzer（DSC/TGA）
Analysis of the ingredients content in the Pre-blended
Expanders, and the decalescence, heat release,
melting point of the ingredients
Electrochemical workstation
Measurement for different electrochemical
constant

57. Labs & Equipments Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)
It is mainly used for the microstructure and morphology observation of various materials, and the types and contents of microstructures of materials are analyzed.
X-ray diffraction(XRD)
Complete test of power samples for the peak, phase identification, materials quantification and linear analysis

58. Labs & Equipments-process lab
Paste mixing
Mixing
Pasting
Plates pressing
Curing
COS
Assembly
Batteries

59. Labs & Equipments-Cell testing lab

60. Labs & Equipments-Battery testing lab

61. Labs & Equipments-process lab
High & Low Temp. Test Equipment

62. Temperature range: -60℃~150℃
Cycle life test ,
Over-charge and over-discharge rate test ,
Capacity test ,
Internal resistance test ,
Charge retention test ,
Battery performance under different temperature ,
Etc.
Accuracy up to 0.02%
Temperature range: -60℃~150℃

63. Thanks for your attention. Welcome to visit booth No.39&41&43.
Our Indian distributor:
KISHOR BATTERY CORPORATION