1. Studies of Populations

2. Important Terms
Fitness: a measure of an individual’s ability to ensure the inclusion of their genes/genotype in the next generation
Reproductive success
zero offspring = zero fitness
Fecundity: the number of offspring produced by a female during her lifetime

3. Species and their Life Histories
K-Selected Species: populations that tend to exist close to their carrying capacity (K)
High density populations
Individuals must maximize efficiency at obtaining resources to survive and reproduce
Long maturation time
Long lifespans
Low mortality rates
Fewer and larger sized offspring
Extensive parental care
Mammals

4. Species and their Life Histories
r-selected species: populations that tend to grow rapidly because of abundant resources
low density populations
Short maturation time
Short lifespans
High mortality rates
Many small sized offspring
Zero parental care
Insects