1. What are the three “nevers” of your life?
Bellringer
What are the three “nevers” of your life?

2. Response to Crisis: Absolutism
Chapter 7 -3

3. France under Louis XIV
Louis XIV reign regarded as the best example of absolutism.
Absolutism: System in which a ruler holds absolute power.
French culture, language, and manners reached into all levels of European Society.
Louis XIV court imitated all over Europe.

4. Richelieu and Mazarin
Prior to the reign of Louis XIII and XIV the French government was in the hands of royal ministers.
Cardinal Mazarin
Cardinal Richelieu

5. Louis XIII’s chief minister.
Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XIII’s chief minister.
Strengthened the power of the monarchy.
Took away Huguenots political and military rights.
Had all conspirators executed.

6. Cardinal Mazarin Louis XIV came to throne at age 4.
Due to his young age Cardinal Mazarin took control of government.
Nobles rebelled against Mazarin, but their efforts were crushed.

7. LOUIS XIV

9. Louis Comes to Power Louis took power in 1661 at age 23.
Became the sole ruler of France.
He fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King:
The source of light for his people.

10. Palace of Versailles Served three purposes:
It was the king’s household.
The location of the chief offices of the state.
A place where the powerful could find favors and offices for themselves.

11. Louis XIV’s Government
Louis’ government were to obey his every wish.
He ruled with absolute authority in the three traditional areas of royal authority:
Foreign Policy
Church
Taxes

12. Religion under Louie Louis had an anti-Huguenot policy
All Huguenots were to convert to Catholicism.
Huguenot churches and schools were closed.
Over 200,000 thousand Protestants fled France.

13. Louis’Economy Jean-Baptiste Colbert: controller-general of finances.
Helped Louie with the money he needed for maintaining his court and pursuing his wars.

14. WAR Louie developed an army of 400,000
Goal: Take over the Bourban Dynasty
Waged wars between 1667 and 1713, causing other nations to form alliances with him.
Added some lands to France and set up a member of his dynasty on Spain’s throne.

15. Legacy of Louis XIV The Sun King died in 1715.
France was debt ridden and surrounded by enemies.
On his deathbed Louie was remorseful for not caring for his people more.

16. Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe
Prussia and Austria emerged in the 17th and 18th centuries as great powers after the Thirty Years’ War.
Frederick William the Great Elector:
Laid the basis for the Prussian state.
He built a standing army of 40,000 men, the 4th largest army in Europe.
Frederick William’s son became King Frederick I in 1701.

17. The New Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire had formally been ruled by Holy Roman Emperors.
Core of the country in present-day Czech Republic and Hungary.
Austrian monarchy never a centralized, absolutist state.
Made up of many national groups held together by the Hapsburg emperor, who was archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia, and King of Hungary.
Each area had its own laws and political life.

18. Russia under Peter the Great

19. IVAN IV (the Terrible)
First Russian ruler to take the title of czar, (Russian for Caeser)
Called Ivan the terrible for his ruthlessness, he expanded Russia and crushed the power of Russian boyars (the nobility).
Replaced by Michael Romanov in 1613.
The Romanov dynasty lasted until 1917.

20. Peter the Great Most prominent member of Romanov dynasty.
Was an absolutist & believed in the divine right of kings.
Wanted to Europeanize Russia.
Goal: Make Russia a great power.

21. One Pager
Using your notes and textbook summarize section Russia under Peter the Great (page ).
Include:
An illustration related to the text
5 key words from the text
2 quotes from the text
A brief summary (One Paragraph)