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Their Properties Naming Guidelines
Acids & Bases Their Properties Naming Guidelines
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Properties of Acids Taste sour
Itchy on skin, will burn if concentrated Turns Blue litmus paper Red Red litmus paper stays Red Neutralization: Acid + Base Salt + Water Ex: Vinegar, Citrus Fruit
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Properties of Bases Taste Bitter Feel Slippery
Turns Red litmus paper Blue Blue litmus paper stays Blue Reacts with Acid in same neutralization Ex: Soap, Milk of Magnesia, Most Cleaners
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Naming Acids Naming Acids In general hydrogen ___ide hydro ___ic acid
hydrogen ___ate ______ic acid Ate and ite…. Means positive hydrogen bonding with a polyatomic ion When the siffix is ide.. This means positive hydrogen bonding with a non-metal which we know will be negative. (2 exceptions are OH+ and CN-) hydrogen ___ite _____ous acid
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Naming Acids Binary Acids: Contain “H” and one other element To Name:
Hydro + Root of second element+ ic + Acid Ex: HCl = Hydro + chlor + ic Acid Hydrochloric Acid HF = Hydroflouric Acid
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Naming Acids (cont.) Oxyacids Acids:
Contain “H”, “O” and one more element To Name: 3rd element name + ic + Acid Ex: HNO3 = Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid Nitric Acid HClO3 = Chloric Acid
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Naming Acids (cont.) If the Acid has one more Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: Per + 3rd element + ic + Acid Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid Pernitric Acid H2SO5 = Persulfuric Acid
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Naming Acids (cont.) If the Acid has one less Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: 3rd element + ous + Acid Ex: HNO2 = Nitrogen – ogen + ous + Acid Nitrous Acid H2SO3 = Sulfurous Acid
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Naming Acids (cont.) If the Acid has two less Oxygens than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: Hypo +3rd element + ous + Acid Ex: HClO = Hypo +chlorine –ine + ous + Acid Hypochlorous Acid HNO = Hyponitrous Acid
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Naming Bases Name the metal first Add Hydroxide
Ex: NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide KOH = Potassium Hydroxide
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Practicing Naming Acids & Bases
Formula Binary or Ternary Name HCl B Hydrochloric Acid HI Hydroiodic Acid HNO3 T Nitric Acid H2SO4 Sulfuric Acid H3PO4 Phosphoric Acid H2CO3 Carbonic Acid
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Practice Naming Acids & Bases
Formula Name NaOH Sodium Hydroxide KOH Potassium Hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Magnesium Hydroxide Al(OH)2 Aluminum Hydroxide NH4OH Ammonium Hydroxide
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Naming Various Acid Forms
Name H2SO5 Persulfuric Acid H2SO4 Sulfuric Acid H2SO3 Sulfurous Acid H2SO2 Hyposulfurous Acid
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Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Name H2CO4 Percarbonic Acid H2CO3 Carbonic Acid H2CO2 Carbonous Acid H2CO Hypocarbonic Acid
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Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Name HClO4 Perchloric Acid HClO3 Chloric Acid HClO2 Chlorous Acid HClO Hypochlorous Acid
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