1. Naming Bases
Bases usually contain an -OH group (If an OH group is present it will be clearly indicated: e.g. NaOH, Ca(OH)2)
Bases have a metal or positive ion (such as NH4+) at their beginning,
Bases are named like other ionic compounds; the positive ion is named first, followed by the polyatomic ion. Some examples:
- calcium hydroxide
- copper(I) hydroxide
- Al(OH)3
- NH4OH
Ca(OH)2
CuOH
aluminum hydroxide
ammonium hydroxide

2. B. Acid Nomenclature

3. Naming Acids: Binary acids
All acids start with H (e.g. HCl, H2SO4)
2 acids types exist and each have different naming rules: binary acids and oxyacids
Binary: H + non-metal. E.g. HCl
Oxy: H + polyatomic ion. E.g. H2SO4
Binary acids: naming depends on state of acid
If it’s not aqueous: hydrogen + non-metal
HCl(g) = hydrogen chloride
If it is aqueous: hydro + non-metal + ic acid
HCl(aq) = hydrochloric acid (aqueous hydrogen chloride)
HBr(s) HI(aq)
H2S(aq) H2S(g)
hydrogen bromide
hydr(o)iodic acid
hydrosulfuric acid
hydrogen sulfide

4. Naming Acids: Oxyacids
Naming does not depend on the state (aq)
1st- find the name of the polyatomic ion,
2nd-change ending: -ate to -ic,& -ite to -ous
3rd-change non-metal root for pronunciation
4th-add “acid” to the name, (not hydro)
Example: H2SO3
1) Polyatomic (SO3) name: sulphite,
2) Change ending: -ite to –ous, sulphous,
3) Change root for pronunciation: sulphurous,
4) Add acid to the name: sulphurous acid

5. Naming Acids: Oxyacids
HNO hypochlorous acid
H3PO4(aq) carbonic acid
- nitrous acid
- HClO
- phosphoric acid
- H2CO3

6. B. Acid Nomenclature

7. Assignment: give formula or name
a) chloric acid
b) hydrosulfuric acid
c) hydrobromic acid
d) phosphorous acid
e) sulfurous acid
f) HCl(g)
g) HCl(aq)
h) H2SO4(s)
i) H2SO4(aq)
j) HClO2
k) HF(aq)
a) HClO3
b) H2S(aq)
c) HBr(aq)
d) H3PO3
e) H2SO3
f) hydrogen chloride
g) hydrochloric acid
h) sulfuric acid
i) sulfuric acid
j) chlorous acid
k) hydrofluoric acid