1. WARM UP (most got them Monday) Clean paper / pencil
Sept.20, 2018
You need:
WARM UP (most got them Monday)
Clean paper / pencil
HW: Human body system chart (cont’d)
Warm Up:
What are the parts of the nervous system?
I CAN: identify the parts and functions of the nervous and endocrine and musculoskeletal systems.

2. Be the positive. It takes many “put-ups” to cancel a “put-down.”

3. Today Housekeeping: Moving forward:
Quiz from yesterday…NEED review!
Data sheets and Powerschool letter
Vaccine info
Moving forward:
Packet progress…Nervous, Endocrine, Musculoskeletal
Paper Powerpoint, Textbook options, “Do You Know” assessment, Laptop to NCed.
**Based on the performance in class, students need to be held more responsible. We will TEST by the end of the week.
Limited time with the information!

4. Lab rotation
Station 1 – Nervous, Endocrine (paper PPT and/or textbook…eventually laptop)
Station 2 – Musculoskeletal (paper PPT and/or textbook…eventually laptop)
Station 3 – Quiz self-evaluation
Station 4 – Quiz self-evaluation
*Working INDEPENDENTLY!!*
Go to the team website and then MY page.

5. Quiz Self-Evaluation
Check over your quiz answers. Feel free to double check my math.
Use the self-evaluation page to analyze. Circle the questions you missed and determine areas of weakness/strength. 2 1 3 1 1
ALL 3
General information
Circulatory

6. Quiz Self-Evaluation How do I fix it? Circulatory
Topic
Assignment
Digestive
Write out each question you missed and the CORRECT answer – full sentence (not just the letter choice). Label the parts, list the functions, and give at least ONE way that the digestive system helps a human achieve any of the criteria for living beings (MRS NERG-C)…worksheet option.
Excretory
Write out each question you missed and the CORRECT answer – full sentence (not just the letter choice). Label the parts, list the functions, and give at least ONE way that the excretory system helps a human achieve any of the criteria for living beings (MRS NERG-C)…worksheet option.
Circulatory
Write out each question you missed and the CORRECT answer – full sentence (not just the letter choice). Label the parts, list the functions, and give at least ONE way that the circulatory system helps a human achieve any of the criteria for living beings (MRS NERG-C)…worksheet option.
Respiratory
Write out each question you missed and the CORRECT answer – full sentence (not just the letter choice). Label the parts, list the functions, and give at least ONE way that the respiratory system helps a human achieve any of the criteria for living beings (MRS NERG-C)…worksheet option.
General - all
Write out each question you missed and the CORRECT answer – full sentence (not just the letter choice).
Living vs. Non
Write out a brief paragraph explaining why we know a fire is non-living or a cloud is non-living. Now compare that non-living item (cloud or fire) to a living being (human, cat, dog) – and tell me how you know the living item is truly living.

7. The Nervous System

8. The Nervous System Receives information about what’s happening
What is its FUNCTION?
Receives information
about what’s happening
inside and outside the
body.
Directs the way your
body responds to this
info.
Helps maintain
homeostasis.

9. The Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Network of Nerves that
The nervous system is made up of the:
Brain
Spinal Cord
Network of Nerves that
branch out to ALL parts
of your body

10. A Neuron (Nerve Cell)
AXON
DENDRITES
CELL BODY
AXON TIPS
Neurons carry information through the nervous system.
There are BILLIONS of neurons in your body.
They are constantly sending/receiving messages.
The message that a neuron carries is a nerve impulse.

11. Direction message travels
A Neuron (Nerve Cell)
AXON
DENDRITES
CELL BODY
AXON TIPS
Direction message travels
AXON – carries the messages down to the AXON TIPS, which sends the message to the next neuron.
DENDRITES – receive messages and sends them toward CELL BODY (contains a nucleus).

12. The Synapse
An impulse travels down the axon to the axon tips where it either travels to another neuron or to a muscle or gland to carry out a response.
The junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another structure is called a synapse.

13. The Endocrine System Pituitary gland – in the brain
Hypothalamus gland – in the brain
Parathyroid gland – in the neck
Thyroid gland – in the neck
Thymus gland – in the chest / heart region
Pancreas– in the trunk / main body region
Adrenal glands – on the top of each kidney
Ovaries (girls) and testes (boys)– in the reproductive organs

14. The Endocrine System
The Functions of the Endocrine System: The endocrine system produces __________________that control many of the body’s daily activities.
The endocrine system also _____________ long-term changes such as ______________ and ______________.
chemicals
regulates
growth
development

15. The Endocrine System
Made of… The endocrine system is made up of _____________, organs that _______________________ a chemical. Some glands, such as those that produce _________________________ release their chemicals into tiny tubes. The tubes deliver the chemicals to a _______________________ within the body or ________________________________.
glands
produces or releases
saliva and sweat
specific
location
to the
skin’s surface

16. The Endocrine System
Made of… Hormones turn on, ________________ , speed up, or ________________ the activities of different organs and tissues. You can think of a hormone as a __________________. Hormones are carried throughout the body by ______________________. Therefore, hormones can regulate activities in tissues and organs that are not close to the glands that produce them.
turn off
slow down
chemical messenger
the blood

17. The Endocrine System
Hormones work how? In contrast to the body’s response to a nerve impulse, hormones usually cause a _________________________________ response. When a hormone enters the bloodstream, it affects ____________ organs but not others. A hormone interacts only with specific _________________ .
slower, but longer-lasting
some
target cells

18. The Endocrine System
Negative Feedback… The endocrine system often uses ___________________ to maintain _____________________. Through negative feedback, when the amount of a _____________________ in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that _________________ the release of that hormone.
negative feedback
homeostasis
particular hormone
STOP

19. Skeletal and Muscular Systems
&
Skeletal and Muscular Systems

20. What do they do for us? Our muscles…
hold bones together so we can move,
hold our organs in place,
help us chew and digest our food,
pump our blood, and
allow us to blink, smile, walk, laugh, etc.

21. What types of muscles are there?
Muscles can be…
Voluntary (you choose to use them) or Involuntary (they work without you thinking about them)
And, they can be…
Skeletal (attached to bones), Smooth (in your digestive system), or Cardiac (in your heart)
Skeletal
Voluntary
Smooth
Involuntary
Cardiac

22. What types of muscles are there?
Voluntary
Involuntary
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

23. How do muscles work?
Muscles can’t push. They only pull (contract) and then relax to return to original length.
Muscles often work in pairs, so that they can pull in different or opposite directions.
Example: bicep bends the elbow, and tricep extends the elbow.

24. The Muscular System
Muscles are organs that can relax or contract to provide the force needed to move your body parts.
Tendons are strong tissues that attach muscles to bone.

25. Why do I need tendons? Try This...
Tendons attach muscles to bone helping the body move.
Feel your tendon right above your heel in the back of your leg.
This is the THICKEST tendon in your body (Achilles Tendon).
Try This...
TENDON

26. The Skeletal System
The skeletal system is made up of all the bones in your body.
The adult human skeleton has 206 bones.
Babies actually have around 300 bones! As we grow, some small bones join together to form larger bones.

27. What does it do for us? Our skeleton… Gives us shape and support,
Helps us move,
Protects our organs,
Produces blood cells, and
Stores stuff (like calcium and fat) until the body needs it.

28. How are bones connected?
Bones are connected at joints. (LIGAMENTS hold your bones together!)
Joints allow bones to move in different ways; for example, your elbow joint and your shoulder joint provide different types of motion
Some joints do not allow movement (like in your skull).

29. TYPES of JOINTS
1) HINGE JOINT allows back-and-forth movement (like the hinge on a door).
Examples: Knee, Elbow

30. TYPES of JOINTS
2) BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT allows wide-range of motion. One bone with rounded end fits into a “cup-like” shape on another bone.
Examples: Shoulder, Hip

31. TYPES of JOINTS
3) PIVOT JOINT allows one bone to rotate around another. Examples: Neck (can turn your head from side-to-side.) Forearm (can twist side-to- side).

32. TYPES of JOINTS
4) GLIDING JOINT allows one bone to slide over another. Examples: Wrists and Ankles let you bend and flex.

33. Are bones alive?
Yes!
The skeletal system, like all organ systems, is made of up organs (your bones), which are made up of living cells and tissues.
Bones grow and develop, and can heal themselves if you break one!

34. Keeping Your Bones Healthy
Osteoporosis is a disease where bones lose minerals and become weak.
Osteoporosis mostly affects the elderly.

35. What’s the function of the reproductive system?
To make sure the species survives…
by passing on your genes…
when you make babies (more humans)!
How does the reproductive system do it?
It produces hormones that control how you develop (puberty)
It produces sex cells (egg and sperm cells)
It transports and sustain these cells
The female reproductive system nurtures the developing offspring

36. The Male Reproductive System
Testes produce:
Sperm (sex cells)
Testosterone
(hormone that controls sexual maturation in men)
Scrotum:
external pouch of skin that holds the testes (keeps them °C cooler)

37. The Male Reproductive System
Sperm mix with fluids from the glands to form semen, which leaves the body through a tube called the urethra in the penis.
Urine also leaves through the urethra, but not at the same time!

38. The Female Reproductive System
Ovaries produce:
Eggs (sex cell)
Estrogen (hormone that controls sexual maturation in women)
Fallopian tubes: carry the eggs to the uterus where a fertilized egg would attach to the wall and develop into an embryo/fetus.

39. The Female Reproductive System
Unfertilized eggs break down and leave the uterus through the cervix, then exit through the vagina.
The vagina is also called the birth canal (how the baby leaves the mother’s body).

40. What is puberty? What is puberty? When does it happen?
A period of time when your body changes to become sexually mature (able to reproduce).
When does it happen?
Usually begins ages 8-13 for girls; ages for boys, and can last 5-6 years.
What causes puberty?
Hormones (chemicals that control your body’s development) produced by your brain and your ovaries/testes cause your body to change.
Males: Testosterone Females: Estrogen

41. What happens at puberty?
Physical Changes
Body Size and Shape
Males get taller, broader shoulders
Females develop breasts, wider hips,
Body Hair
Underarms, pubic area, facial hair (males)
Other changes
Voice deepens for males
Menstrual cycle begins for females
Emotional Changes
Feeling moody
Sexual feelings

42. The Menstrual Cycle
“Monthly” cycle of changes in the female reproductive system.
How the body prepares for pregnancy.

43. What happens after the egg is fertilized?
The Human
Life Cycle
What happens after the egg is fertilized?
The egg is fertilized in the fallopian tubes.
This cell travels for 5 days and divides many times before it enters the uterus.
In the uterus, it attaches to the lining and begins to develop.
The first 2 weeks.

44. What happens during pregnancy?
Pregnancy lasts 38 weeks after conception (40 weeks after last period).
For the first 8 weeks, the developing human is called an embryo.
After the 9th week until birth, the embryo is called a fetus.
5 weeks
14 weeks
24 weeks

45. What happens during pregnancy?
In 9 months, the fetus grows from a single cell to a fully formed human baby weighing 7-8 pounds!
Amazing transformations happen as the fetus grows - bones and muscles form, the heart begins to beat, eyes and ears start working….
5 weeks
14 weeks
24 weeks

46. Protecting and Nourishing the Fetus
The Human
Life Cycle
Protecting and Nourishing the Fetus
Inside the uterus, 2 membranes protect and nourish the baby.
Amniotic Sac – filled with fluid, it cushions the baby.
Placenta – links the mother and fetus. Oxygen & nutrients pass from the mother to baby here.
The umbilical cord links the baby to the placenta.

47. What happens during birth?
The birth of a baby has 3 stages:
Delivery – the baby is pushed out of the uterus through the vagina and out of the mother’s body.
Afterbirth – contractions of the uterus push the placenta out of the uterus.
Labor – strong, muscular contractions of the uterus. The cervix enlarges to fit the baby’s head. (lasts 2-20 hours!)