1. Ancient Greece Theme: Religion Theme: Geography
Theme: Economics
Theme: Politics
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Theme: Religion
Theme: Society & Culture
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Theme: Science & Tech.
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2. Theme: Geography Greece A. rocky, mountainous land
B. surrounded by water (peninsula)
C. many islands
D. few flat areas for farmland

3. Theme: Economics Trading A. Early traders: Minoans and Mycenaeans
B. Traded wood, olive oil & pottery for copper, gold, silver and jewels
C. Traded for food products they needed
D. Trading helped them learn new ideas from other cultures

4. Theme: Politics Oligarchy Benefits 1. More than one person ruling
2. Free men were citizens
Drawbacks
1. Only a few rich landowners (aristocrats) ran the city’s economy ($$$), were generals & judges
2. Common people had little say

5. Theme: Politics II. Tyranny Benefits 1. Overthrew the Oligarchy
2. Good leaders with strong armies & support people
3. Tyrants seized power to reform laws, aid the poor, and cancel debts
Drawbacks
1. Tyrant held power through use of force
2. Common people had little say
3. Some tyrants became harsh & greedy & were overthrown

6. Theme: Politics III. Democracy Benefits
1. All citizens have a say in government
2. All citizens have the right to express opinions
3. Power of nobles is limited
Drawbacks
1. Women, slaves, and foreigners have no say in government
2. Difficult to make decisions with so many people
3. Sometimes citizens were forced to attend assembly

7. 4R
Theme: Politics
C. Direct Democracy (Athens) – each & every citizen debated & voted on every issue, created & enforced laws, & were judges.
D. Representative Democracy (United States) – citizens elect representatives to debate & vote on issues, create & enforce laws, & be judges.

8. Theme: Politics IV. The Persian Wars The Peloponnesian War
A. Series of wars between Persia and Greece
B. The Persian army was strong and well organized
Greeks won because they had better weapons and clever leaders.
The Peloponnesian War
A. Sparta declared war to stop Athens’ growth
B. Greek cities feared Athens would control Greece
C. Sparta defeats Athens and becomes the most powerful city-state in Greece

9. Theme: Politics VI. Alexander the Great A. Brilliant commander
B. The Egyptians surrendered without a fight and crowned Alexander pharaoh
C. Becomes ruler of what had been the Persian Empire
D. After crossing the Indus River his exhausted troops refused to fight any more
E. Alexander admired and enjoyed Greek culture and ideas so much that he spread them throughout his empire

10. Theme: Religion Greek Gods
A. Myths used to explain events like thunder, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions
B. Gods center of Greek myths

11. Theme: Society and Culture
Classical Age
A. Polis – small city-state
B. City-state – foundation of civilization
Gave people an identity
People participated in economy & government
People thought of themselves as residents of the city-state, not as Greeks

12. Theme: Society & Culture
II. Sparta
A. Society dominated by the military
B. Military power provided security and protection for their city
C. Boys were trained from an early age to be soldiers
D. Spartan woman had more rights than other Greek women
III. Athens
A. Valued education, clear thinking and arts
B. Athenian women had few rights

13. Theme: Science and Technology7R
Theme: Science and Technology
Greek writers produced
A. Epic poems
1. Iliad and Odyssey by Homer
B. Romantic poetry
C. Famous stories
D. Lyric poetry (poems set to music)
E. Fables

14. Theme: Science & Technology7R
Theme: Science & Technology
II. Philosophers
A. Believed in the power of the human mind to think, explain, and understand life
Socrates – taught by asking questions
Plato – created the Academy
Aristotle – taught that people should live lives of moderation, or balance
The many achievements of ancient Greece were important because they shaped Western civilization