1. Roman Numerals
Used for some drugs and solutions, and used at times while ordering supplies
Key symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, M
Arabic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Roman I II
III IV V VI
VII
VIII IX 10 20 30 40 50
100
500
1000 X XX
XXX XL L C D M

2. Any number can be formed using Roman Numerals
Rules of using Roman numerals
Usually no more than 3 of any one symbol is used to represent a number
III represents 3
To represent 4, an I (1) is placed before the V (5)o for IV or 4
IV represents 4 instead of IIII

3. If a symbol for a smaller number is used in front of the symbol for a larger number, the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number.
IX = 1 before 10 = 9
XC= 10 before 100= 90
CD= 100 before 500= 400

4. If a symbol for a smaller number is used after the symbol for a larger number, all the numbers are added together.
VII = = 7
LXX = =70

5. Interpret the following Roman Numerals:
VIII
XXIX
LXIV
CCXVI
MCMLII
MMDXLIII

6. Write the following as Roman Numerals:39 42 86
219
1995
3551

7. ANSWERS for Practice Problems:8 29 64
216
1952
2543
XXXIX
XLII
LXXXVI
CCXIX
MVM
MMMDLI

8. CONVERTING METRIC MEASUREMENTS
Metric system is used in many health care fields
3 basic units of measurement in the metric system
Gram(g): measures mass or weight
Liter(L): measures volume or liquid
Meter(m): measures length or distance
Based on the unit of 10
Other units are created by multiplying or dividing the base unit by the correct power of 10

9. k = kilo = 1000 h = hecto = 100 dk = deka = 10
Base (gram, liter, meter) = 1
d = deci = 1/10 = .1
c = centi = 1/100 = .01
m = milli = 1/1000 = .001

10. ***Also, 1 cubic centimeter holds 1 mL of water so the interrelationship between cc and mL is 1 cc (cm3) solid = 1 mL liquid
How many grams are in 40 kg?
How many dekaliters are in milliliters?

11. Practice Metric Conversions
a) 5 dm = _______m
b) 4 mL = ______L
c) 8 g = _______mg
d) 9 mg = _______g
e) 2 mL = ______L
f) 6 kg = _____g
g) 4 cm = _______m
h) 12 mg = ______ g
i) 6.5 cm3 = _______L
j) 7.02 mL = _______cm3
k) .03 hg = _______ dg
l) 6035 mm = _____cm
m) .32 m = _______cm
n) 38.2 g = _______kg

12. English Household Measurements
Units for measuring mass or weight:
Ounce (oz) = 28 grams
Pound (lb) = 454 grams
Units for measuring length or distance:
Inch (in) = .025 meters
Foot (ft) = .31 meters
Yard (yd) = .91 meters
Mile = meters

13. Remember ** 1 mL = 1 cc = 1 cm3 Units for measuring volume or liquid:
1 drop (gtt) = mL
15 drops (gtts) = 1 mL
1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 mL
1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 mL
1 ounce (oz) = 30 mL
1 pint (pt) = 500 mL
1 quart (qt) = 1,000 mL or 1 L

14. Conversion of Household English to Metric
MULTIPLY the # of English measurements times the Metric equivilent
Formula:
English measurement x conversion = metric
Ex: How many mL in 3 oz?
3 oz x 30 mL/ 1 oz = 90mL

15. Practice Problems: How many mL in 5 tsp? How many mL in 3 pints?
How many kg in 120 lbs?
How many meters in 12 feet?

16. Conversion of Metric to Household Engligh
DIVIDE the metric amount by its equivalent household English measurement
Formula:
Metric measurement/conversion unit= English
Ex: How many ounces are in 300 mL?
300 mL/ 30 mL per ounce = 10 oz

17. Practice Problems: How many tsp are in 20 mL?
How many pints are in 1250 mL?
How many oz in kg?
How many feet in 62 meters?

18. Answers to Practice Problems:
25 mL in 5 tsp
1500 mL in 3 pts
54.48 kg in 120 lbs
3.72 m in 12 ft
4 tsp in 20 mL
2.5 pts in 1250 mL
44 oz in kg
200 ft in 62 meters