Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Chapter 11 Jacksonian America
2
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Andrew Jackson became the first president from a state west of the original thirteen. He became the symbol of the age and of Americanism.
3
Jackson and the Spoils System
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Jackson and the Spoils System spoils system: rewarded friends and followers with government positions disadvantages produced inefficiency and corruption aided the growth of political machines
4
result set a negative precedent
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp result set a negative precedent abolished by the Civil Service Act of 1883
5
Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet “Kitchen Cabinet”
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet “Kitchen Cabinet” a group of close friends that served as his informal advisors
6
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Reformers during the Jacksonian era launched crusades to free slaves and give women more rights.
7
Attitudes and Policies causes
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Attitudes and Policies causes lack of understanding wanted their land
8
actions signed treaties and sent them west
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp actions signed treaties and sent them west Indian Removal Act: gave the military the power to move the Indians by force
9
Cherokees: refused to give up their lands
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Trouble in the South 1833: The Creeks, Choctaws, and Chickasaws had been moved to lands west of the Mississippi. Cherokees: refused to give up their lands
10
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Worcester v. Georgia: The court ordered Georgia to release Worcester and ordered Jackson to send in troops to protect Cherokee lands. Treaty of New Echota: gave the U.S. government possession of the Cherokee lands
11
Trail of Tears, 1838: the forced removal of the Cherokees to Oklahoma
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Trail of Tears, 1838: the forced removal of the Cherokees to Oklahoma
12
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp The Black Hawk War Sauk and Fox tribes (led by Black Hawk) were forced to relocate to Iowa. When they returned to Illinois to search for food, they were attacked by the state militia.
13
Bad Axe Massacre: Militias killed most of Black Hawk’s army.
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Bad Axe Massacre: Militias killed most of Black Hawk’s army.
14
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp One of the most important issues during the Jackson presidency was the issue of states’ rights.
15
revenue tariff: a tariff designed to raise money
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Tariff Troubles revenue tariff: a tariff designed to raise money
16
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Reasons for Tariffs protective tariff: protected American businesses and manufacturers from foreign competition, but also raised the price of foreign goods
17
factors affecting development of northern industry
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp factors affecting development of northern industry abundant rivers (energy source) available capital (money) abundant labor supply
18
The Tariff of Abominations
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Tariff of Abominations 1824: increased the tariff and put more products on the list 1828: “tariff of abominations”
19
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp As cotton prices dropped, production costs rose, which Southerners blamed on the high tariff.
20
The Defense of States’ Rights John C. Calhoun
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Defense of States’ Rights John C. Calhoun leader defender of states’ rights promoted the idea of nullifying tariffs
21
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Webster vs. Hayne the South and West unite: The South supported a cheap land policy in exchange for western support of tariff reform.
22
Robert Y. Hayne, SC: defended the concept of nullification
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Robert Y. Hayne, SC: defended the concept of nullification Daniel Webster, MA: attacked nullification point by point, carefully defending the Constitution and the federal union
23
Calhoun and Jackson Clash
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Calhoun and Jackson Clash Jackson was offended by Calhoun’s behavior toward Peggy Eaton. Jackson came to her defense. Calhoun resigned the vice-presidency and Martin Van Buren succeeded him.
24
A Time of Crisis tariff of 1832
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp A Time of Crisis tariff of 1832 gained some support in the South and West because it was a bit lower than the 1828 tariff retained high tariffs on textiles and iron
25
Force Bill: granted Jackson the right to use force to enforce laws
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Ordinance of Nullification: nullified the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and threatened to secede if the government used force Force Bill: granted Jackson the right to use force to enforce laws
26
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Compromise of 1833: would gradually lower the tariff over the course of ten years to under 20%
27
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp The central issue in the election of 1832 was the future of the National Bank.
28
Jackson’s Clash with Biddle Nicholas Biddle
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Jackson’s Clash with Biddle Nicholas Biddle president of the Bank of the United States wanted the Bank to be rechartered; therefore he gave loans to Jackson supporters
29
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp President Jackson disliked banks and thought that the federal government had too much power viewed National Bank as unconstitutional used the jealousies of the state banks and others opposed to the Bank to kill its recharter
30
Jackson and the “Pet Banks”
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Jackson and the “Pet Banks” In an effort to kill the National Bank, Jackson withheld funds and instead deposited tax revenue in state banks (“pet banks”).
31
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Biddle responded by calling in loans owed by state banks, which caused many state banks to fail. To counteract the bank failures, Biddle began lending money which caused massive inflation.
32
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp Distribution Bill: gave money to state governments to be used on internal improvements in order to stimulate the economy
33
required gold or silver to be used in the purchase of government lands
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Specie Circular required gold or silver to be used in the purchase of government lands
34
increased the power of the presidency
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Jacksonian Legacy increased the power of the presidency defended the Union on certain issues, deferred to the states on others
35
Whigs: new political party
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Election of 1836 Whigs: new political party issues supported the National Bank, a protective tariff, and internal improvements more openly concerned with religion and morals
36
Democrats: nominated Martin Van Buren
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp candidates Hugh L. White William Henry Harrison Daniel Webster Democrats: nominated Martin Van Buren
37
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
38
faced an economic depression
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Van Buren Years faced an economic depression proposed an independent treasury system that would consist of a number of federal vaults and depositories
39
made changes to the Supreme Court
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp made changes to the Supreme Court greatest impact of this court came in the late 1850s when it supported states’ rights
40
The Election of 1840 candidates campaign Democrats: Martin Van Buren
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Election of 1840 candidates Democrats: Martin Van Buren Whigs: William Henry Harrison campaign The Whigs portrayed Harrison as a common man.
41
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
42
conflict with his party
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp Tyler Too conflict with his party Henry Clay believed Tyler should govern through a congressional committee.
43
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
pp The Man Without a Party The Preemption Act of 1841: allowed squatters to buy western lands when they came up for public sale Tyler was expelled from the party after vetoing a bill to establish a new national bank.
44
The Webster-Ashburton Treaty
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The Webster-Ashburton Treaty determined the United States’ northern border with Canada between Minnesota and Maine
45
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America
46
The End of Tyler’s Term the Texas question
Chapter 11 – Jacksonian America pp The End of Tyler’s Term the Texas question sought to annex Texas in time for the election of 1844 annexed by a joint resolution just before he left office
Similar presentations
