1. Key American Civil War Battles 1861-1862
2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877

2. Key American Civil War Battles 1861-1862
Good learning:
Recap on the position of both sides at the start of the war
Great learning:
Explain what happened during
Even better:
Evaluate to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war
Key Words:
First Manassas
Antietam

3. How well prepared were both sides at the start? Overview and recap
In a nutshell, neither side were well prepared going to the war.
The Union only had a 16,000 strong regular army (which was mainly scattered), whilst the Confederates had to start from scratch. They had 300 or so officers who had resigned from the regular army to help lead the confederates on the battle field. However, they did have more success with the state militia compared to the north.
There were problems elsewhere too. Lincoln also had no military experience and their leading general, Winfield Scott, had no general staff, no strategic plans and no programme for mobilisation. On the other hand Davis had some military experience and was quicker to act in term of getting me signed up to voluntary service. However, their problem would come with the fact that they had limited manufacturing capacity and would therefore struggle to equip their volunteers.
Despite this, there were advantages to both sides. Lets see what you can remember from what we have done so far in terms of who was in the better position….
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war

4. Statements will appear one at a time
Statements will appear one at a time. You need to write on your whiteboard whether it was a Union or Confederate advantage
They had a strong pool of military experience. Most men in the army stayed loyal to them.
They had naval supremacy.
They were willing to hold out and hoped that back home people would question the high losses and therefore win by default.
1n 1860 they had six times more factories and ten times productive capacity compared to the opposition.
They had many geographical features that worked in their favour, such as the vast amount of land, the road and railway systems and the network of rivers.
Slaves were left on the home front, which mean that more white manpower could be freed up to fight.
They produced more agriculturally.
Morale, commitment and enthusiasm was stronger here.
They believed they had better soldiers, for example they had dominated senior posts.
Not everyone was committed to the cause which worked in their favour and created pockets of resistance in vital territories.
Cotton was their biggest weapon. It would help buy military supplies and lead to a break between their opposition and Britain.
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war 4

5. RECAP EXPLAIN EVALUATE
They had a strong pool of military experience. Most men in the army stayed loyal to them. (Union)
They had naval supremacy. (Union)
They were willing to hold out and hoped that back home people would question the high losses and therefore win by default. (Confederates)
1n 1860 they had six times more factories and ten times productive capacity compared to the opposition. (Union)
They had many geographical features that worked in their favour, such as the vast amount of land, the road and railway systems and the network of rivers. (Confederates)
Slaves were left on the home front, which mean that more white manpower could be freed up to fight. (Confederates)
They produced more agriculturally. (Union)
Morale, commitment and enthusiasm was stronger here. (Confederates)
They believed they had better soldiers, for example they had dominated senior posts. (Confederates)
Not everyone was committed to the cause which worked in their favour and created pockets of resistance in vital territories. (Union)
Cotton was their biggest weapon. It would help buy military supplies and lead to a break between their opposition and Britain. (Confederates)
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war 5

6. The Civil War’s ‘theatres’
Before we start looking at the war, we should think about the areas in which it was fought. The Civil War was not only fought on the banks of Richmond, but stretched much further than this. Whilst the East did see the brunt of the fighting, both the West and the sea were also ‘theatres’ for the war.
Using the information on pages , think about the following questions:
What issues were there to fighting around Richmond and the East coast
Why was the west considered a vulnerable area for the Confederacy?
Why was a blockade at sea crucial?
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war

7. Flipped Learning: Due today
July 1861
Dec 1862
BATTLES
WHAT TO MENTION
First Manassas/Bull Run
Shiloh
Peninsular Campaign
Shenandoah Valley
Seven Days
Second Manassas
Antietam
Fredericksburg
Generals involved
No. of troops
Who won
Decisive factors that lead to success
Importance/impact (eg. Missed opportunities, etc)
With your partner:
1. What battles were turning points in this period? Why?
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war

8. Antietam: A Turning Point?
‘No other campaign and battle in the war had such momentous, multiple consequences as Antietam.’
TASK: Use the following clip and your homework to make a list of the different reasons that suggest Antietam was a turning point.
Now swap your answers with a partner and lets see what you managed to get:
Emancipation Proclamation
Britain and France won’t recognise the Confederacy
Bloodiest Battle (scale)
McClellan’s removal
Ended Lee’s strategic invasion
RECAP
the position of both sides at the start of the war
EXPLAIN
what happened during
EVALUATE
to what extent Antietam could be considered a turning point in the war

9. Why had the American Civil War not ended by 1862?
What would need to happen for the Union to win?
What would need to happen for the Confederacy to win?
Why did this not happen?

10. Flipped Learning 1865 Apr 1863 BATTLES WHAT TO MENTION
Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Chattanooga
Shenandoah
Atlanta Campaign
Marching through Georgia
Franklin and Nashville
Generals involved
No. of troops
Who won
Decisive factors that lead to success
Importance/impact (eg. Missed opportunities, etc)
TASK:
You are going to create a timeline with battles that occurred from
Using your battles handout, you will need to make notes on what happens during each of the battles.